Painga Economic o maroke Triboelectric wehenga o Minerals

Painga Economic o maroke Triboelectric wehenga o Minerals

Lewis Baker, Kyle P. Flynn, Frank J. Hrach, ko Stephen Gasiorowski

ST Taputapu & hangarau LLC, Needham Massachusetts 02494 USA

waitara

Te ST Taputapu & hangarau LLC (STET) whakawehe whitiki triboelectrostatic whakarato te ahumahi tukatuka kohuke te tikanga ki te beneficiate rauemi pai ki te hangarau katoa maroke. Ko te tōtika nui maha-atamira wehenga i roto i ā e mea / recharging me te hangarua hua i roto i māvaé tawhiti pai atu i taea te tutuki ki ētahi atu pūnaha hiko kotahi-atamira tikanga. Kua te triboelectric hangarau whitiki whakawehe kua whakamahia ki te wehe i te whānui o ngā rauemi ngā tae atu ranunga o waiwai aluminosilicates / waro, konupāhiko / kiripaka, talc / magnesite, me barite / kiripaka. pea te kaha wehenga whakarei o te pūnaha STET he kē rawa whai hua ki ngā tukanga tēnei waka. He whakarite ōhanga whakahaeretia e te tukatuka kohuke haapa'o u motuhake o te whakawehe whitiki triboelectrostatic versus tēnei waka tikanga mō te barite / whakaatu wehenga kiripaka nga painga o te tukatuka maroke hoki kohuke. Whakamahi tenei maroke hua tukanga i roto i te whārangi rere tukanga ohie ki iti taputapu i te tēnei waka ki e rua whakapaipai me te whakahaere utu heke e ≥30%.

kupumatua: kohuke, wehenga maroke, barite, utu triboelectrostatic, whitiki whakawehe, rere pungarehu

KUPU WHAKATAKI

Kei te hoko te kore o te whai wāhi ki te wai hou i te take nui e pa ana i te whaihuanga o ngā kaupapa keri huri noa te ao. E ai ki a Hubert Fleming, kaiwhakahaere ao mua mō te Hatch Water, "O te kaupapa keri katoa i roto i te ao e kua mutu rānei pakanga iho i runga i te tau kua hipa ranei, Kua kua reira, i roto i tata 100% o nga take, he hua o te wai, rānei tika indirectly‿ ranei (Blin 2013)1. tikanga tukatuka kohuke maroke whakahere he otinga ki tenei raruraru hāparangi.

tikanga wehenga Wet pērā i pahuka tēnei waka e rapu te tua o tauhohenga matū e Me whawha humarie ka tikanga o roto i te tikanga taiao kawenga. Te taniwha, e kore e taea ki te mahi ki 100% hangarua wai, tono tikanga o te iti rawa o wahi o te wai tukanga, pea kei roto moni wahi o tauhohenga matū.

tikanga maroke pērā i te wehenga hiko ka faaore i te hiahia mō te wai hou, ka whakahere i te pūmanawa ki te whakaiti i ngā utu. Ko tētahi o nga whanaketanga hou tino whaihua i roto i māvaé kohuke maroke ko te whakawehe triboelectrostatic whitiki. Kua atu tenei hangarau te whānuitanga rahi matūriki ki kaitahi matūriki atu tikanga hangarau wehenga hiko, ki te whānuitanga wahi i tēnei waka anake kua angitu i roto i te mua.

TRIBOELECTROSTATIC Belt wehenga

Ko te whakawehe whitiki triboelectrostatic faaohipahia rerekētanga tiaki hiko i waenganui i ngā rauemi whakaputaina e te mata whakapā ranei utu triboelectric. A, no te e rua rauemi i roto i te whakapā, rauemi ki te ara pakuwha teitei mō painga irahiko irahiko me te kupu utu tōraro, i te rauemi ki raro pakuwha irahiko utu pai. Ko hurinoa ua faariro hoki rauemi katoa tenei utu whakapā o tiaki, i ngā wā meinga homai'pokanoatia hiko e te hunga i te raruraru i roto i te tahi mau ahumahi. Ko ti'aturi i runga i te hanganga matū o te mata matūriki irahiko hei hunaonga me te ka hua i roto i nui e mea pārōnaki o ngā rauemi i roto i te ranunga o matūriki motuhake o te hanganga rerekē.

I roto i te whakawehe whitiki triboelectrostatic (whika 1 a 2), Kei te whangai rauemi ki te āputa kikokore 0.9 - 1.5 cm (0.35 -0.6 i roto i.) i waenganui i rua electrodes planar whakarara. Kei te triboelectrically whakatupato nga matūriki i te interparticle whakapā.

Hei tauira, i roto i te take o te waro pungarehu rere ngingiha, he ranunga o matūriki waro me matūriki kohuke, E ngā te waro pai whakatupato me te kohuke tōraro whakatupato ki electrodes ritenga. Kei te ka kahakina te matūriki ake mā te neke i te whitiki tuwhera-mata tonu, a tuku i roto i ngā tohutohu ritenga. Ko te whitiki neke te matūriki pātata ki ia kawehiko ki pito ritenga o te whakawehe. Ko te mara hiko titauhia anake neke i te matūriki te hautanga iti o te hēnimeta ki te neke i te korakora i te awa maui-neke ki te tika-pokarekarenga. Ko te counter rere o nga matūriki wehe me e mea triboelectric tuturu e collisions waro-kohuke nāianei whakarato hoki te wehenga multistage me hua i roto i te viivii ore pai me te ora i roto i te kōwae kotahi-haere. Te tere whitiki tiketike āhei hoki throughputs tiketike rawa, ki runga ki 40 taranata ia haora i runga i te whakawehe kotahi. Na roto i te whakahaere ngā tawhā tukanga, pērā i te tere whitiki, wāhi kai, āputa kawehiko me te auau kai, te pūrere hua iti pungarehu rere waro i tirotiro waro o 2 % ± 0.5% i kai pungarehu rere kopikopiko i roto i te waro i 4% ki runga i 30%.

Figure 1. Schematic o whakawehe whitiki triboelectric

Ko ngā ohie te hoahoa whakawehe. Ko te whitiki, me te awa e hāngai ana ko nga wahi anake neke. He pahoho me tito o te rauemi tika roa nga electrodes. hanga te whitiki e o rauemi kirihou. Ko āhua i te roa whakawehe kawehiko 6 mita (20 ft.) me te whanui 1.25 mita (4 ft.) hoki rahi tonu wae arumoni. Ko te kohi mana ko e pā ana ki 1 kirowati-haora ia ton o rauemi tukatuka ki te nuinga o te kaha pau e rua motors peia te whitiki.

Figure 2. Taipitopito o te rohe wehenga

Ko te katoa maroke te tukanga, titau kahore rauemi atu, me te hua kore wai ururua tukunga rangi ranei. I roto i te take o te waro i māvaé pungarehu rere, nga rauemi ora ake ngā o pungarehu rere iti i roto i te te ihirangi waro ki taumata e tika ana mō te whakamahi rite he hawhekaihe pozzolanic i roto i te raima, me te hautanga waro tiketike e taea te tahu i te whakaputa tipu hiko. Whakamahi o awa hua e rua whakarato te 100% otinga ki te rere raruraru te hoko pungarehu.

Ko ngā kiato te whakawehe whitiki triboelectrostatic. He mīhini hangaia ki te tukatuka 40 taranata ia haora, ko te āhua 9.1 mita (30 ft) roa, 1.7 mita (5.5 ft.) whānui, me te 3.2 mita (10.5 ft.) tiketike. Ko te toenga e hiahiatia ana o te tipu ngā o ngā pūnaha ki te kawe i ngā rauemi maroke ki a i te whakawehe. Ko te compactness o te pūnaha e āhei hoki ngāwari i roto i whakaaro tāutanga.

Figure 3. Arumoni whakawehe whitiki triboelectrostatic

Rite ki ētahi atu tukanga wehenga hiko

Ko te triboelectrostatic hangarau whitiki wehenga nui i whakawhanui te whānuitanga o ngā rauemi e taea te beneficiated e tukanga hiko. whakawhirinaki nga tukanga hiko tino whakamahia nuitia i runga i ngā rerekētanga i roto i te kawenga hiko o te rauemi ki te kia wehea. I roto i enei tukanga, Me whakapā atu te rauemi he pahū tangata whenua pereti ranei te nuinga i muri e te matūriki rauemi tōraro whakatupato e te rere kurahauao ionizing. ka ngaro rauemi conductive tiaki ratou hohoro, ka kia maka i te pahū. tonu te rauemi kore-conductive ki te kia ngā ki te pahū mai e ore oioi atu āta te tiaki, a ka hinga ranei kia pania i te pahū i muri i te wehenga i te rauemi whakahaere. E iti ēnei tukanga i roto i te kaha e tika ana ki te whakapā e hiahiatia ana o nga korakora ki te pahū paraharaha ranei. Kei te whāiti hoki te tōtika o enei whakapā tukanga tohutohutia ki matūriki o e pā ana ki 100 μm nui i roto i te rahi e tika ana ki te hiahia e rua ki te whakapā atu i te paraharaha tūāpapa me te akiaki rere matūriki hiahiatia ranei. Ka whai hoki matūriki o rerekē te rahi o rerekē akiaki rere tika ki ngā pānga inertial a ka hua i roto i te wehenga inā. Ko te hoahoa e whai ake nei (Figure 4) whakaatu nga āhuatanga taketake o tenei momo o te whakawehe.

Figure 4. Drum whakawehe hiko (Elder 2003)2

e kore e māvaé Triboelectrostatic iti ki te wehenga o conductive / rauemi kore-conductive engari whakawhirinaki i runga i te āhuatanga o te tiaki whakawhiti i whakapā waku o ngā rauemi ki te matū mata Nä pai mohiotia. Tenei āhuatanga i whakamahia i roto i "noa tukanga wehenga fall‿ mō tekau tau. Ko te tukanga taua

faahoho'ahia i roto i te te Whakaahua 5. Wae o te ranunga o matūriki tuatahi whakawhanake rerekē utu i te whakapā rānei ki te mata whakarewa, ranei i te matūriki ki korakora whakapā i roto i te pūrere kai moenga fluidized. Ka rite ki hinga nga matūriki i roto i te mara hiko i roto i te rohe kawehiko, e whakakotititia poroāwhio o ia korakora te ki te kawehiko o tiaki ritenga. I muri i te tetahi tawhiti, E mahi rāpihi kohinga ki wehe i te awa. utanga Angamaheni rapua e wāhanga whakawehe maha ki hangarua o te hautanga middling. whakamahi ētahi pūrere i te awa on o hau ki te āwhina i te tuku o te matūriki i roto i te rohe kawehiko.

Figure 5. "Free whakawehe triboelectrostatic fall‿

Tenei momo o free whakawehe hinga hoki he whāititanga i roto i te rahi o te matūriki o te rauemi e taea te tukatuka. Me whakahaere te rere i roto i te rohe kawehiko kia ki whakaiti arepurepuraa ki te karo "smearing‿ o te wehenga. Ko te poroāwhio o matūriki pai e atu mahia e arepurepu mai te ope rou aerodynamic i runga i matūriki pai e nui nui atu i nga ope tō me te hiko. Ka ahu ano nga matūriki rawa pai ki te kohikohi i runga i nga papa kawehiko me me nekehia atu e etahi tikanga. Matūriki o iti iho i te 75 e kore e taea te wehea tōtika μm.

Ko tētahi atu fakangatangata ko e kia te utanga o matūriki i roto i te rohe kawehiko iti ki te ārai i ngā pānga tiaki wāhi, e whakawhāiti i te auau tukatuka. Haere rauemi i roto i te rohe kawehiko ere hua i roto i te wehenga kotahi-atamira, mai i reira he kore pea hoki anō-utu o matūriki. Na reira, E hiahiatia ana ngā pūnaha maha-atamira mō te whakapai ake i te tohu o te wehenga, tae atu anō-mea ai o te rauemi i te whakapā muri ki te pūrere ka tohutohutia. Ko te piki hua rōrahi taputapu me te matatini o fakatatau.

I roto i te rerekē ki te tahi atu tukanga wehenga hiko e wātea ana, Kei te tano e tano te whakawehe whitiki triboelectrostatic mō te wehenga o te tino pai (<1 μm) ki tika makaka (300μm) rauemi ki throughputs tiketike rawa. he whai hua hoki te whānui o ngā rauemi whānui te utu matūriki triboelectric me titau anake matūriki - matūriki whakapā. Ko te āputa iti, mara hiko tiketike, te haukoti i rere nāianei, maia rōpū matūriki-matūriki me whaiaro horoi-mahi o te whitiki i runga i te electrodes ko nga āhuatanga tino o te whakawehe. Ko te tōtika nui wehenga maha-atamira i roto i tohutohutia / recharging me hua para ā-i roto i māvaé tawhiti pai, me te he whai hua i runga i ngā rauemi pai e kore e taea te wehea i te katoa i nga tikanga tikanga.

TONO o TRIBOELECTROSTATIC Belt wehenga

Fly Ash

Ko te triboelectrostatic hangarau whitiki wehenga i tuatahi tono industrially ki te tukatuka o rere ngingiha waro pungarehu i roto i 1995. Hoki te tono pungarehu rere, kua te hangarau kua whai hua i roto i te wehe matūriki waro i te ngingiha otikore o waro, i te matūriki aluminosilicate kohuke waiwai i roto i te pungarehu rere. Ko te hangarau kua mauihaa i roto i te faatupu hangarua o te pungarehu ngaro kohuke-taonga rite te whakakapinga sima i roto i te hanga raima. Mai 1995, 19 Kua whakawehe whitiki triboelectrostatic mahi i roto i te USA, Canada, UK, ko Poland, tukatuka i runga i 1,000,000 toni o rere pungarehu tau. Ko te hangarau he hoki inaianei i roto i Asia ki te whakawehe tuatahi tāuta i roto i South Korea tenei tau. whakarārangitia te hītori ahumahi o te wehenga rere pungarehu i roto i Ripanga 1.

ripanga 1. Taupānga Industrial o Triboelectrostatic whitiki wehenga mo te rere pungarehu

mineral Applications

Kua ngā whakamahia māvaé hiko mō te beneficiation mo te whānuitanga nui o ngā kohuke "Manouchehri-Part 1 (2000)‿. Ahakoa te nuinga o tono whakamahi rerekētanga i roto i te kawenga hiko o ngā rauemi ki te momo kurahauao-pahū whakawehe, Kei te whakamahia hoki triboelectric whanonga ka tohutohutia ki whakawehe noa-hinga i te pauna ahumahi "Manouchehri-Part 2 (2000)‿. whakarārangitia te tauira o tono o tukatuka triboelectrostatic korerotia i roto i te tuhinga i roto i Ripanga 2. Ahakoa kore te mea he rārangi ngaio o ngā tono tenei, whakaatu tenei tepu te awhe pea o tono mō te tukatuka hiko o kohuke.

ripanga 2. Korerotia wehenga triboelectrostatic o kohuke

Whānui te tipu pairati me te mara whakamātautau o maha māvaé rauemi wero i roto i te ahumahi kohuke kua whakahaere mā te whakamahi i te whakawehe triboelectrostatic whitiki. E whakaaturia tauira o ngā hua wehenga i roto i te Ripanga 3.

ripanga 3. tauira, māvaé kohuke whakamahi wehenga whitiki triboelectrostatic

Kua Whakamahi o te whakawehe whitiki triboelectrostatic kua whakaatu ki te beneficiate tōtika maha ranunga kohuke. Mai taea te whakawehe tukatuka rauemi ki te rahi matūriki i pā ana ki 300 μm ki iti iho i te 1 μm, a he whai hua hoki e rua tuuraa me ngā rauemi conductive te wehenga triboelectrostatic, te hangarau nui atu te whānuitanga o te rauemi e hāngai ana ki runga i ngā whakawehe hiko tikanga. Mai te tribo- Ko katoa maroke tukanga hiko, whakamahi o reira faaore te hiahia mō te whakamaroke rauemi me te whāwhā ururua wai i tukanga tēnei waka.

Tuhinga o TRIBOELECTROSTATIC Belt wehenga

Tauritenga ki tikanga Flotation mō te Barite

I whakahau ano he ako utu whakatairite i te STET me whakahaere e Soutex Inc. Soutex Ko te kamupene engineering hāngai Quebec Canada ki wheako whānui i roto i rua tēnei waka maku, me te hiko te aromātai tukanga wehenga me te hoahoa. whakaritea te ako te whakapaipai me te whakahaere utu o triboelectrostatic tukanga whitiki wehenga ki tēnei waka pahuka tikanga mo te beneficiation o te barite ore iti-kōeke. hangarau rua whakapai ake i te barite i tango o totoka kiato iti, te nuinga kiripaka, ki te whakaputa i te American Petroleum Institute (API) barite kōeke kōhao ki SG nui ake i 4.2 g / ml. hāngai hua tēnei waka i runga i ngā akoranga whakamätau tipu whakahaere e te Indian Taiwhanga National Metallurgical (NML 2004)18. hāngai hua wehenga whitiki Triboelectrostatic i runga i ngā akoranga whakamätau tipu mā te whakamahi i tokahuke kai rite. Ko te ako ōhanga whakatairite ngā whanaketanga flowsheet, rauemi me te pūngao pauna, nui whakarahinga taputapu me te faahitiraa mo e rua tēnei waka me te tribo- tukanga wehenga whitiki hiko. Ko te pūtake mō ngā flowsheets e rua ko te taua, tukatuka 200,000 t / y o kai barite ki SG 3.78 ki te whakaputa i 148,000 t / y o kōhao kōeke hua barite ki SG 4.21 g / ml. E kore te tata tukanga tēnei waka i ngā tetahi utu mo te wai tukanga, ranei maimoatanga wai.

i hanga Flowsheets e Soutex mo te tukanga tēnei waka barite (Figure 6), me te tukanga wehenga whitiki triboelectrostatic (Figure 7).

Figure 6 tukanga tēnei waka Barite flowsheet

Figure 7 Barite whitiki triboelectrostatic flowsheet tukanga wehenga

Theses flowsheets kore e whakauru i te pūnaha raw ore kuru, i te mea noa ki hangarau e rua. Whāngai huri hoki te take tēnei waka rite kei te whakamahi i te mira penupenu pōro mākū ki saikolone classifier. Whāngai huri hoki te take whitiki wehenga triboelectrostatic rite kei te whakamahi i te maroke, mira takai poutū ki classifier hihiri wāhi.

Ko ohie atu i tēnei waka te flowsheet whitiki wehenga triboelectrostatic. tutuki wehenga whitiki tribo-electostatic te i roto i te wā kotahi, kahore te tua o tetahi tauhohenga matū, whakaritea ki te toru-atamira tēnei waka ki te waikawa hinu whakamahia rite he kaikohi mō barite me te konutai magnesium rite te depressant mo te gangue takawai. Kei te tāpiri hoki te flocculant rite te kaiwhakahohe mo thickening i roto i te take barite tēnei waka. hiahiatia No taputapu dewatering me whakamaroke te mo te wehenga whitiki triboelectrostatic, whakaritea ki thickeners, poka tātari, me dryers hurihuri hiahiatia hoki te tukanga tēnei waka barite.

Capital me te Whakahaere Utu

I whakamana te whakapaipai me te utu whakahaere tata taipitopito e Soutex mo e rua ngā hangarau mā te whakamahi i faahitiraa taputapu me te tikanga utu ngä. i tata nga utu whakahaere ki ngā mahi whakahaere, tiaki, pūngao (hiko me te wahie), me Whakapau (e.g, utu kaiwhakahohe matū mō te tēnei waka). hāngai ana te utu tāuru i runga i ngā uara angamaheni mo te tipu hypothetical kei tata Battle Mountain, Nevada USA.

I tatau te katoa utu o te mana i runga i kotahi tekau nga tau i te whakapaipai me te whakahaere utu mā te mana'o i te 8% auau hekenga. He hakari rite ōrau whanaunga i roto i te Ripanga nga hua o te whakarite utu 4

ripanga 4. Tauritenga Utu mō Barite Processing

Ko paku iti iho i te mo te waka i te tapeke utu hoko o taputapu whakapaipai mo te tukanga wehenga whitiki triboelectrostatic. Heoi, no te tatau te katoa whakapaunga whakapaipai te ki ngā tāutanga taputapu, taiepa, me te hiko utu, me ngā utu hanga tukanga, Ko nui te rerekētanga. Ko te tapeke utu whakapaipai mo te tribo- he hiko tukanga wehenga whitiki 63.2% o te utu o te tukanga tēnei waka. Ko te utu tino raro hoki i te maroke tukanga hua i te flowsheet ngāwari. Ko te utu whakahaere mo te tukanga wehenga whitiki triboelectrostatic ko 75.5% o te tukanga tēnei waka e tika ana ki te nuinga o raro whakaritenga kaimahi whakahaere me te raro kohi pūngao.

Ko tino iti iho i te mo te waka te tapeke utu o te mana o te tukanga wehenga whitiki triboelectrostatic. Ko te kaituhi ako, Soutex Inc., mutu e tuku te tukanga whitiki wehenga triboelectrostatic painga kitea i roto i CAPEX, OPEX, me te tapatahi whakahaere.

TE FAAHOPERAA

Ko te whakawehe whitiki triboelectrostatic whakarato te ahumahi tukatuka kohuke te tikanga ki te beneficiate rauemi pai ki te hangarau katoa maroke. Ka taea e te tukanga taiao faaore mākū tukatuka me te whakamaroke hiahiatia o te rauemi whakamutunga. titau iti te tukanga, ki te tetahi, mua maimoatanga-o te tahi atu materia i te huri, me te mahi i te kaha nui - ki runga ki 40 taranata ia haora e te mīhini kiato. he iti Energy kohi, iti iho i te 2 kWh / ton o rauemi tukatuka. Mai te tukunga pea anake o te tukanga ko te puehu, Ko te āhua ngāwari tukua.

He ako utu whakatairite i te tukanga wehenga whitiki triboelectrostatic ki tēnei waka pahuka tikanga mō te barite i oti e Soutex Inc. E whakaatu ana te ako e te tapeke utu whakapaipai mo mo triboelectrostatic te tukanga whitiki wehenga maroke ko 63.2% o te tukanga tēnei waka. Ko te utu whakahaere katoa mō te wehenga whitiki triboelectrostatic ko 75.8% o te utu whakahaere mō te tēnei waka. faaoti kaituhi o te ako e te maroke, triboelectrostatic tukanga whitiki wehenga tuku painga kitea i roto i CAPEX, OPEX, me te tapatahi whakahaere.

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