Triboelectrostatic Beneficiation tsa Landfilled fofa Ash WOCA 2015

Triboelectrostatic Beneficiation ya

Naha Tlala fofa Ash

L. Baker, A. Saahil, le S. Gasiorowski

ST Helmets & Technologies LLC, 101 Hampton Avenue, Needham MA 02494 usa

Seboka: 2015 World ea mashala Ash - (www.worldofcoalash.org)

Keywords: Triboelectrostatic, Beneficiation, fofa Ash, Landfilled, omisitsoeng, karohano, k'habone

inahaneloang

Triboelectrostatic karohano 'nile la sebelisoa bakeng sa beneficiation khoebo ea mashala combustion e fofa molora ho hlahisa tlaase k'habone sehlahisoa bakeng sa ho sebelisoa e le Phetolo samente ka konkreiti s bakeng sa hoo e ka bang mashome a mabeli lilemo tse. ka 18 separators ka 12 mashala-lelekoa dimela matla ka mose lefatše, ST Helmets & Technology LLC e (STET) patented electrostatic kgaoganyo 'nile la sebelisoa ho hlahisa holim'a 15 tonnes milione tsa carbon sehlahisoa tlaase.

Ho fihla joale, beneficiation khoebo ea fofa molora o 'nile a etsa feela ka ommeng "li matha molora station‿. Recent molao tsa tikoloho li bōpileng, limmarakeng itseng, hlokahala hore ho fana ka beneficiated molora le nakong ea molokong o mong ka tlaase molora. sena, hammoho le ho ya ka ditlhoko tsa libakeng tse ling ho ea lefeela ea histori molora book libaka, ea bōpileng ho hlokahala hore a be le tšebetso e ho beneficiate histori landfilled molora.

lithuto tse fetileng li bontšitse hore ho pepesehela tsa fofa molora ho mongobo, le morago ga moo e omisa susumetsa le triboelectrostatic lefisa mochine, le k'habone le matsoai likaroloana lefisa ka polarity bo fapaneng ho e nang le phihlelo le li matha ea seteishene sa molora. Liphuputso li ile tsa etsoa ke bangodi ba ho fumana hore na phello ea ho pepesehela mongobo ka karohano ka bokgoni ba ho molora 'maloa tse' nileng tsa ba pholositseng tloha landfills le omisitsoeng. Qoso phetoho ile phihlelo omisa e latelang, empa ka kakaretso karohano bokgoni ile fihlellwa lekana le hore nang le phihlelo le li matha foreshe seteishene molora.

Phello ea molora omisitsoeng fepa mongobo a lekanyelitsoeng ka bokgoni triboelectrostatic karohano ile a hlahloba, ebile a ba nahanela ile fokotswa haholo bapisoa le hore nang le phihlelo le li matha ea seteishene sa molora, theola ditjeo kakaretso thulaganyou e.

SELELEKELA

The American mashala Ash Association (ACAA) selemo le selemo ho lekoloe ea tlhahiso le ho sebelisoa ha mashala fofa molora o tlaleha hore pakeng 1966 le 2011, tse fetang 2.3 limilione tse likete tse boima ba lithane tse khutšoanyane fofa molora di hlahiswa ke mashala-lelekoa litanka utility.1 Ya palo ena hoo e ka bang 625 boima ba lithane tse limilione tse di hamolemo sebediswa, hangata bakeng sa samente le tlhahiso ea konkreiti s. Leha ho le joalo, tse setseng 1.7+ boima ba lithane tse limilione tse likete tse a haholo-holo ho fumanoa landfills kapa tlala ponded

impoundments. Ha a ntse a tshebediso ditefello bakeng sa qetang generated fofa molora li eketsehile haholo ho theosa le lilemo tsa morao tjena, le ditefello hona joale haufi 45%, hoo e ka bang 40 boima ba lithane tse limilione tse fofa molora le tsoele pele ho lahloa selemo le selemo. Ha a ntse a ditefello tshebediso Europe ba 'nile ba e phahameng haholo ho feta ka US, meqolo e khōlō ea fofa molora le tsona li bolokoa landfills le impoundments linaheng tse ling tsa Europe.

tsoa, thahasello hlaphoheloa boitsebiso boo lokeng e eketsehile, mokhoa o sa fellang ka lebaka la ho se ho hlokahala boleng bo phahameng fofa molora bakeng sa ka konkreiti le samente ho hlahisoeng nakong ya fokotswa ho hlahisoeng ka mashala-lelekoa matla molokong o mong ka o fokotsehile ka Europe le Amerika Leboea. Dingongoreho mabapi le nako e telele tshusumetso tikoloho ea landfills joalo le tsona di hlahisa bosebeletsi ba ho fumana dikopo ho sebedisa molemo bakeng sa molora ena bolokwa.

NAHA Tlala molora boleng le lokela BENEFICIATION

Ha a ntse a ba bang ba ena fofa molora bolokwa ka 'na ba a loketse bakeng sa tshebediso ya molemo ka qalong epile, boholo ba batho e tla hloka hore ba bang ba sebetsa ho finyella melao boleng bakeng sa samente kapa tlhahiso ea ka konkreiti. Ho tloha ka lintho tse bonahalang tse e se e ka tloaelo ho wetted ho etsa hore ho tshwara le compaction ha ho qoba le lerole le molokong o mong ka airborne, omisa ka 'na ba ho ya ka ditlhoko fokolang haholo bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ka konkreiti kaha bahlahisi ka konkreiti tla batla ho tsoela pele le tloaelo ea ho batching fofa molora ka phofo omileng. Leha ho le joalo, tiisetsa le lik'hemik'hale tsa molora kopana tobileng, fetisisa haholo-holo le dikahare k'habone lekanngoa e le ho lahleheloa ke-ho-thothetsang molelo (MOLAO), ke bothata bo boholoanyane. Ka fofa molora tshebediso e eketsehile ka ho qetela 20+ lilemo tse, ho fetisisa "ka-spec‿ molora e se e hamolemo sebediswa, le theoha boleng molora tšekamelo. Ka tsela eo, phokotso Loi tla ya ka ditlhoko tsa ts'ebelisong boholo ba fofa molora revocable tloha impoundments utility.

Loi Phokotso BY arohane TRIBOELECTRIC

Ha a ntse a basebetsi ba fapa-fapaneng ba ile ba sebelisa dithekeniki combustion e le dithulaganyo flotation bakeng sa phokotso Loi ba hlaphoheloa landfilled le ponded fofa molora, ST Helmets & Technologies (STET) e fumanoa hore tsamaiso lona tekanyetso sebetsa, nako e telele o ile a sebelisa bakeng sa ho beneficiation ea qetang ho generated fofa molora, ke ka tsela e tsoanang e atlehang ka molora hlaphoheloa ka mor'a omisa loketse le deagglomeration ka tlaase ditjeo kakaretso bueloang.

Nakong ea ramp-ho fihlela ho kopo khoebo ea tsamaiso STET sebetsa bakeng sa fofa molora, bafuputsi ba STET lekoa karohano ya omisitsoeng molora landfilled. Sena molora hlaphoheloa arohane molora ka tsela e tšoanang haholo ho qetang ho generated le phapang e 'ngoe ho makatse: ho phatsa tjhaja ile felisoa ho tswa ho hore molora foreshe le k'habone e lefisa mpe mabapi le matsoai le.2 Bafuputsi ba bang ba karohano electrostatic tsa fofa molora k'habone li hape o ile a re liketsahalo ena.3,4,5

THEKNOLOJI Overview - fofa molora k'habone arohane

Ka kgaoganyo STET k'habone (Figure 1), lintho tse bonahalang feptjoang ka lekhalo tšesaane pakeng tsa li-electrode tse peli e tšoanang planar. likaroloana li triboelectrically qosoa ke interparticle o ikopanye. The sebele qosoa k'habone le matsoai a hlonamisitsoe qosoa (ka molora qetang generated hore ha e so wetted le omisitsoeng) ba khahloa ke li-electrode bo fapaneng. likaroloana li ebe hoholoa ho fihlela ke e tsoelang pele fallisetseng lebanta le fetisoa ka litaelo bo fapaneng. Lebanta susumelletsa ho likaroloana haufi le e mong le e eleketrode nģ'a lipheletsong fapaneng kgaoganyo ho. The phahameng lebanta lebelo hape nolofalletsa throughputs phahameng haholo, ho fihlela ho 36 tonnes ka hora ka kgaoganyo e le 'ngoe. Lekhalo nyane, tšimo phahameng gagamalo, loantša phallo jwale, matla phatsa-phatsa pherekano le ho intša ho hloekisa bohato ba lebanta le ka li-electrode ho ba likarolo tse mahlonoko tseo tsa kgaoganyo STET. Ke ho laola entsprechen tse fapa-fapaneng thulaganyou e, tse kang lebelo lebanta, fepa ka ntlha, le sekhahla iphepe, tshebetso STET hlahisa tlaase Loi fofa molora ka dikahare k'habone ka tlase ho 1.5 ho 4.5% ho tloha fepa ka fofa molora ho tloha ka Loi tswa 4% ka holimo ho 25%.

feie. 1 STET la kgaoganyo

Moralo kgaoganyo ke batlang le bonolo le le diseke ee. A mochini etselitsoeng ho sebetsa 36 tonnes ka hora ke hoo e ka bang 9 limithara (30 feat.) nako e telele, 1.5 limithara (5 feat.) lohle, le 2.75 limithara (9 feat.) phahameng. Lebanta le rollers se amahanngoang ke likarolo feela ho fallela. li-electrode ho ba ema le entsoe ka e lintho tse bonahalang ka nepo tsoarellang. lebanta e entsoe ka batho bao e seng- polasetiki conductive. The kgaoganyo ya tshebediso ya matla e ka 1 kilowatt-hora ka tonne boitsebiso sebetswa ka ho fetisisa ea matla a chesa ke Motors tse peli khanna lebanta.

tshebetso e ommeng ka ho feletseng, hloka ha thepa tse eketsehileng ntle ho fofa molora 'me a hlahisa metsi litšila kapa mesi e kotsi moeeng. Thepa hlaphoheloa bopilwe fofa molora fokotswa ka dikahare k'habone ho maemo a loketse bakeng sa tshebediso ya ka admixture pozzolanic ka

ka konkreiti s, le phahameng k'habone karoloana e metle e le mafura. Tshebediso ya melapo sehlahisoa bobeli e fana ka 100% tharollo ho fofa mathata molora lahla.

Hlaphoheloa mafura BOHLOKOA BA HIGH-k'habone fofa molora

, Ho phaella ho ka carbon sehlahisoa tlaase bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ka konkreiti, cha bitsoang ProAsh®, le STET karohano thulaganyou e hape recovers ho seng joalo sentse unburned k'habone ka mokgwa wa k'habone e ngata fofa molora, le diselefounu tsa EcoTherm™. EcoTherm™ e na le boleng bohlokoa mafura le ka ba bonolo ho khutlela le matla a motlakase dimela sebedisa STET EcoTherm™ Hlahisa tsamaiso e khopo ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea mashala ho semela. Ha EcoTherm™ chesoa ka tanka utility, matla a ho tloha combustion e e sokolohela khatello e phahameng / phahameng mocheso mouoane ebe ho motlakase ka bokgoni tšoana le mashala, ka tloaelo ho 35%. Ho sokoloha ha a hlaphoheloa eneji, le mogote ho motlakase ST Helmets & Technology LLC EcoTherm™ Kgutlisa tsamaiso e khopo e makhetlo a mabeli ho a mararo e phahameng ho feta ea ea thekenoloji tlhōlisano moo matla a e hlaphoheloa ka mocheso tlaase sehlopheng ka mokgwa wa metsi a chesang eo e ajoa ho tanka fepa ka oona tsamaisong ea metsi. EcoTherm™ le boetse le sebelisoa e le mohloli oa ea alumina ka kilns samente, displacing le bauxite theko e phahameng ho feta eo hangata isoa malelele. Ts'ebelisong ea phahameng k'habone EcoTherm™ Ash ebang ke ka matla a dimela kapa Kiln samente, maximizes ho hlaphoheloa matla a ho mashala a lopolla, fokotsa tlhokeho ya ho rafa le tsamaisa mafura eketsehileng ho mehaho ea.

STET o lekhoaba Power Brandon Shores, SMEPA R.D. Morrow, NBP Belledune, RWEnpower Didcot, EDF Energy West Burton, le RWEnpower Aberthaw fofa dimela molora, tsohle kenyeletsa EcoTherm™ tsamaiso ea khutla. Metsoako ea bohlokoa ea tsamaiso ea tse hlahisoang Figure 2.

feie. 2 EcoTherm™ tsamaiso e khopo khutla

STET molora PROCESING Facilities

Laoloa tlaase Loi fofa molora hlahisoang le thekenoloji STET a ho leshome le metso e liteishene matla ho pholletsa le U.S., Canada, le U.K., Poland, le Republic of Korea. ProAsh® fofa molora e amohetswe bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ke tse fetang mashome a mabeli hore ba boholong e khōlō boemo, hammoho le mekhatlo e tse ling tse ngata ga tlhaloso. ProAsh® o boetse o e pakiloeng tlas'a Canada Maemo Association le EN 450:2005 melao-motheo ea boleng Europe. Ash lokisa mehaho e sebelisa thekenoloji STET thathamisitsoe ka Lethathamo 1.

tafole 1. STET Commercial tshebetso

Mashala molora hlaphoheloa TSOANG Tlatsa NAHA

mehloli e 'meli ea molora ne a fumana ho tswa ho landfills: sampole A tswa matla dimela teng

United Kingdom le sampole B: ho tloha United States. Bobeli disampole tsena e ne e molora ho tloha combustion ea mashala bituminous ke litanka kgolo utility. Ka lebaka la ho intermingling la lintho tse bonahalang e landfills ho, ha ho fumana boitsebiso bo eketsehileng e fumaneha malebana itseng mashala mohloding kapa combustion e maemo a.

The disampole e amohetsweng ke STET leng pakeng 15% le 20% metsi e ke tloaelehileng bakeng sa lintho tse bonahalang landfilled. disampole le hape leng palo e sa tšoaneng ea kgolo >1/8 intshi (~ 3 limilimithara) lintho tse bonahalang. Ho lokisa disampole tsa k'habone karohano, le maloanlahla a kgolo ile tlosoa ke screening le disampole ka nako eo omisitsoeng le deagglomerated pele ho k'habone beneficiation. mekhoa e sa tšoaneng bakeng sa ho omisa / deagglomeration ntseng ba hlahlojoa hore ho optimize tshebetso ka kakaretso. A lakane kakaretso thulaganyou e phallo e fanoa ka Figure 3.

Figure 3: Process phallo lakane

The thepa ea disampole alengelami ne hantle hara fapaneng ya fofa molora fumana ka ho toba ho tloha litanka tloaelehile utility. The thepa ka ho fetisisa dintlha tse di maleba tsa bobeli diphepelo le kgaoganyo le lihlahisoa tse neng e akaretsoa ka Lethathamo 2 hammoho le sehlahisoa folile.

k'habone arohane

re thulana le liteko k'habone phokotso sebedisa STET triboelectric lebanta kgaoganyo fella ka hlaphoheloa hantle haholo Loi sehlahisoa tlaase. The liketsahalo tse thahasellisang a hlokomela e ne e le phetoho e sa lefisa ea k'habone tšohloa ka holimo. Ha a ntse a etsa seo e se o ile a re pele ke STET le bafuputsi ba bang, ea mochine hore fetola mesebetsi e lekanyelitsoeng mosebetsi 'me kahoo o ikopanye lefisa boitšoaro ba lintho tse bonahalang tse e sa ho utlwisiswa. E mong o sisintse mochine ke kabobotjha tsa ions qhibilihang ka har'a ka diminerale le

latelang tafole akaretsa k'hemistri ka disampole tsoe mohloling B. Testing ka lintho tse bonahalang mohloding A ha ho phethiloe.

tafole 4: Ash k'hemistri ea tlaase Loi molora.

Matla ntshetsopele ya le 20% tloswa ea tlaase Loi fofa molora ka seretse se nang 600 lb / yd3 o ile a bontša lintho tse bonahalang le tsoa molora landfilled phethile batla molemo ho feta lintho tse bonahalang ho tswa ho hlahisoeng foreshe. sheba Lethathamo 5 tlase.

tafole 5: Compressive matla tsa seretse dikotwana.

Nahanisisa

Mora scalping loketseng tsa lintho tse bonahalang e kholo, omisa, le deagglomeration, fofa molora hlaphoheloa ho tswa utility dimela landfills ka fokotswa ka dikahare k'habone sebedisa commercialized STET triboelectric lebanta kgaoganyo. The bokgoni ea tsamaiso STET e le hantle lekanang bakeng sa molora fumana qetang ho tloha tshebetso tanka le omisitsoeng landfilled tse bonahalang. The kgaoganyo sehlahisoa ke a loketse bakeng sa tshebediso ya tlhahiso ka konkreiti ntle beneficiation ka ho eketsehileng le thepa ka bang tšoanang tshebetso. The a hlaphoheloe 'me beneficiation molora landfilled tla fana ka phepelo ea tsoela pele ea boleng bo phahameng le molora bakeng sa bahlahisi ba ka konkreiti ho sa tsotellehe ya fokotswa tlhahiso ea "molora fresh‿ ka mashala-lelekoa bosebeletsi ba fokotsa isa molokong o mong. Ho phaella moo, matla a limela tse hloka ho tlosa molora ho tloha landfills ho kopana le ho fetola melao ea tsamaiso tikoloho tla kgona ho sebedisa tshebetso ya ho fetola litšila sehlahisoa melato hore e be lintho tse bonahalang ea bohlokoa e tala bakeng sa bahlahisi ba ka konkreiti.

References

[1]American mashala Ash mashala lihlahisoa combustion e le Sebelisa Statistics: https://www.acaa-usa.org/Publications/Production-Use-Reports/

[2]ST tlaleho hare, Phato 1995.

[3]ka,T.X,. Schaefer, jl, Ban, H., Neathery, J.K., le Stencel, J.M. Dry Beneficiation Processing oa combustion e fofa Ash, Ditsamaiso tsa Conference DOE ka k'habone Unburned ka utility fofa Ash, E se eka 19 20, Pittsburgh, PA, 1998.

[4]Baltrus, J.P., Diehl, J.R., Soong, Y., Sands, w. Triboelectrostatic karohano ea fofa molora le qoso phetoho, Fuel 81, (2002) pp.757-762.

[5]Cangialosi, F., Notarnicola, M., Liberti, L, Stencel, J. Karolo e phethoang ke bosa ka fofa molora qoso kabo nakong beneficiation triboelectrostatic, Journal of Materials kotsi, 164 (2009) pp.683-688.

Lentsoe ho PDF Converter Sokoloha By BCLTechnologies