Menyetla ya ST Technologies Complex ho fofa Ash

inahaneloang

ST Helmets & Technology LLC (STET) e bile ho sebetsa fofa khoebo molora beneficiation tsamaiso ea ho tloha 1995. STET o electrostatic beneficiation thekenoloji ho fokotsa carbon dikahare tsa mashala fofa molora, hlahisa ka tsela e lumellanang, tlaase k'habone molora bakeng sa ho sebelisoa e le ka nkang sebaka sa samente. Fofa molora le maemo k'habone > 25% ba 'nile ba sebelisoa ho landuce molora le laoloa k'habone boemo ba 2 ± 0.5%. A k'habone morui, sehlahisoa se ka nako ya hlahiswa ho hlaphoheloa le mafura a boleng ba k'habone le.

porojeke e ne STET o Newest ka Poland e akarelletsang metsi- to-omileng molora pokello ho sokoloha 'me e kgaoganyo STET k'habone ile ka katleho ile a laela ka May 2010.

1.Quality fokotsa Available Concrete sehlopheng fofa molora

Ea hoo e ka bang 70 boima ba lithane tse limilione tse fofa molora generated selemo le selemo ka US mashala-lelekoa dimela matla, feela ka 14 boima ba lithane tse limilione tse e sebelisoa e le ka nkang sebaka samente tlhahiso ka konkreiti. Karolo e khōlō ea sena hana fofa molora hloleha ho kopana le tobileng lik'hemik'hale 'meleng le bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ka konkreiti. Boemo bo tšoanang le hlaha ka Europe. Ha a ntse a ba bang ba ena le molora off-boleng e sebelisoa e le ka tlatsang lintho tse bonahalang mehaho kapa ho ba bang ea e sebelisang e tlase boleng, boholo ba eona e mpa feela lahloa ka landfills kapa matangoana a litšila.

E chelete ka tsela e feteletseng tsa carbon unburned ka fofa molora ke bothata atileng ka ho fetisisa. Mokhatlo American oa State Highway le Transportation boholong (Aas ः ho) le Melao ea European (EN 450 Category A) hloka hore chelete tsa carbon unburned ka fofa molora, lekanngoa ka tahlehelo ka thothetsang molelo (MOLAO) sa feteng 5% ke boima ba 'mele. Leha ho le joalo, ho tloha ka bohareng ba bo-1990, hlongoa Morero NOx thepa taolo ka dimela mashala-lelekoa matla e ile ea eketseha carbon (MOLAO) dikahare tsa boholo ba neng marketable fofa molora. ditlhoko ka ho eketsehileng le ho fokotsa NOx le mesi e kotsi tse ling matla a dimela ba fella ka hore ho silafatsoa la fofa molora le ammonia. Ka lebaka leo, ha kutloisiso ea melemo ea ho sebelisa fofa molora ka konkreiti s o tsoela pele ho eketsa, le ho fumaneha ha loketse boleng fofa molora e fokotseha. E hlophisitsweng, le moruong beneficiate theoha boleng fofa molora kahoo hape ya ho eketseha thahasella ka matla 'me ka konkreiti liindasteri le. Karohano Technologies e le pula-maliboho e hlophisitsweng, joalo ka bobeli k'habone le ammonia ho tloswa ho tswa ho fofa molora.

2.ST Helmets & THEKNOLOJI LLC THEKNOLOJI Overview

2.1. Fofa Ash k'habone arohana

Ka kgaoganyo STET k'habone (Figure 1), lintho tse bonahalang feptjoang ka lekhalo tšesaane pakeng tsa li-electrode tse peli e tšoanang planar. likaroloana li triboelectrically qosoa ke interparticle o ikopanye. Carbon sebele qosoa le matsoai a hlonamisitsoe qosoa ba khahloa ke li-electrode bo fapaneng. likaroloana li ebe hoholoa ho fihlela ke e tsoelang pele fallisetseng lebanta le fetisoa ka litaelo bo fapaneng. Lebanta susumelletsa ho likaroloana haufi le e mong le e eleketrode nģ'a lipheletsong fapaneng kgaoganyo ho. The phahameng lebanta lebelo hape nolofalletsa throughputs phahameng haholo, ho fihlela ho 40 tonnes ka hora ka kgaoganyo e le 'ngoe. Lekhalo nyane, tšimo phahameng gagamalo, loantša phallo jwale, matla phatsa-phatsa pherekano le ho intša ho hloekisa bohato ba lebanta le ka li-electrode ho ba likarolo tse mahlonoko tseo tsa kgaoganyo STET. Ke ho laola entsprechen tse fapa-fapaneng thulaganyou e, tse kang lebelo lebanta, fepa ka ntlha, le sekhahla iphepe, tshebetso STET hlahisa tlaase Loi fofa molora ka dikahare k'habone ka tlase ho 3.5% ho tloha fepa ka fofa molora ho tloha ka Loi tswa 5% ka holimo ho 25%.

feie. 1. ST la kgaoganyo

Moralo kgaoganyo ke batlang le bonolo le le diseke ee. A mochini etselitsoeng ho sebetsa 40 tonnes ka hora ke hoo e ka bang 9 limithara (30 feat.) nako e telele, 1.5 limithara (5 feat.) lohle, le 2.75 limithara (9 feat.) phahameng. Lebanta le rollers se amahanngoang ke likarolo feela ho fallela. li-electrode ho ba ema le entsoe ka e lintho tse bonahalang ka nepo tsoarellang polasetiki. lebanta e entsoe ka polasetiki. The kgaoganyo ya tshebediso ya matla e tlase 1 kilowatt-hora ka tonne boitsebiso sebetswa ka ho fetisisa ea matla a chesa ke Motors tse peli khanna lebanta.

tshebetso e ommeng ka ho feletseng, hloka ha thepa tse eketsehileng ntle ho fofa molora 'me a hlahisa metsi litšila kapa mesi e kotsi moeeng. Thepa hlaphoheloa bopilwe fofa molora fokotswa ka dikahare k'habone ho maemo a loketse bakeng sa tshebediso ya ka admixture pozzolanic ka konkreiti s, le phahameng k'habone karoloana e metle e le mafura. Tshebediso ya melapo sehlahisoa bobeli e fana ka 100% tharollo ho fofa mathata molora lahla.

2.2. Hlaphoheloa mafura boleng ba phahameng-k'habone fofa molora

, Ho phaella ho ka carbon sehlahisoa tlaase, cha bitsoang ProAsh® , bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ka konkreiti, le STET karohano thulaganyou e hape recovers ho seng joalo sentse unburned k'habone ka mokgwa wa k'habone e ngata fofa molora, le diselefounu tsa EcoTherm™ . EcoTherm™ e na le boleng bohlokoa mafura le ka ba bonolo ho khutlela le matla a motlakase dimela sebedisa STET EcoTherm™ Hlahisa tsamaiso e khopo ho fokotsa mashala le sebelisitsoeng ho semela. Ha EcoTherm™ chesoa ka tanka utility, matla a ho tloha combustion e e sokolohela khatello e phahameng / phahameng mocheso mouoane ebe ho motlakase ka bokgoni tšoana le mashala, ka tloaelo ho 35%. Ho sokoloha ha a hlaphoheloa eneji, le mogote ho motlakase STETs 'EcoTherm™ Kgutlisa tsamaiso e khopo e makhetlo a mabeli ho a mararo e phahameng ho feta ea ea thekenoloji tlhōlisano moo matla a e hlaphoheloa ka mocheso tlaase sehlopheng ka mokgwa wa metsi a chesang eo e ajoa ho tanka fepa ka oona tsamaisong ea metsi. EcoTherm™ le boetse le sebelisoa e le mohloli oa ea alumina ka kilns samente, displacing le bauxite theko e phahameng ho feta eo hangata isoa malelele. Ts'ebelisong ea phahameng k'habone EcoTherm™ Ash ebang ke ka matla a dimela kapa Kiln samente, maximizes ho hlaphoheloa matla a ho mashala a lopolla, fokotsa tlhokeho ya ho rafa le tsamaisa mafura eketsehileng ho mehaho ea.

feie. 2. EcoTherm™ tsamaiso e khopo khutla

STET oa sehlopha sa linaleli Power Mohloli o mong Brandon Shores, SMEPA R.D. Morrow, NBP Belledune, RWEnpower Didcot, EDF Energy West Burton, le dimela RWEnpower Aberthaw, tsohle kenyeletsa EcoTherm™ tsamaiso ea khutla (Figure 2). Ho hlongoa Newest ya STET k'habone kgaoganyo ka Poland tla boela kenyeletsa e EcoTherm™ tsamaiso e khopo khutla. Metsoako ea bohlokoa ea tsamaiso ea tse hlahisoang Figure 2. EcoTherm™ e fetisoang e omeletseng ho filtara seamohedi fetang mabanta ka mashala. Ho thibela dusting ka 7-10 boima metsi% e phaella ka ho re ho ea

EcoTherm™ ka phahameng lebelo Pin mixer pele akhela holim'a mashala tse lebanta e le mashala e fetisoa ho Mills.

2.3. ST ammonia tloswa Process

Matla a dimela lia eketseha tshebediso ya ente ammonia ho fokotsa NOx le SO3 mesi e kotsi. NOx ka khase flue e fokotsehile ka itšoara joang le ammonia tlas'a maemo a itseng ka ho Catalytic khetha (SCR) kapa khetha Non-Catalytic (SNCR) tsamaiso ea. Ha a ntse a ammonia e chesa ka dithulaganyo tsena, ba bang ba ammonia feteletseng e hlokehang bakeng sa taolo e nepahetseng ea NOx ho. Leha e le efe barrel mobung ammonia ka fofa molora ka tloaelehileng batang-lehlakoreng electrostatic precipitator tsamaiso ea molora pokello. Ho fokotsa particulate kapa SO3 mesi e kotsi aerosol, ammonia e tshelwa ka flue khase feela pele ho precipitators fella ka sulfates ammonium wa tsenya ka fofa molora. Ha a ntse a ammoniated molora ha kotsi ho tshebetso ka konkreiti, ha molora ammoniated e tsoakane le samente le alkaline ka tlhahiso ea konkreiti s, ammonia e volatilized nang ho bo beha kotsing basebetsi.

Ho tlosa ammonia e le khase e tsoang ka fofa molora, tshebetso ST utilizes e tšoanang ea motheo lik'hemik'hale itšoara joang hore fella ka ammonia ho lokolloa ka konkreiti s. Ho lokolloa ha ammonia ho tloha fofa molora hloka hore Ion ammonium – limolek'hule ammonia equilibrium ho ile a khaotsa ho emela ammonia ke boteng ba a alkali. Fofa molora le tlhaho phahameng alkaline hloka ha a alkali eketsehileng. Bakeng sa molora tlase alkaline, a alkali efe kapa efe le matla o tla sebeletsa. Mohloli maleewana ya a alkali ke kalaka (Cao). Ba itšoara joang ea letsoai ammonium ka kalaka ho lokolla ammonia e matla a rata ke lik'hemik'hale equilibrium. The lik'hemik'hale itsoara joang ka le hlaha ka potlako hang metsoako li qhibiliha.

feie. 3: STET ammonia tloswa System

A temperaturdiagramm tlhohlomiso tsa ST ammonia tlosa thulaganyou e bontšoang ka Figure 3. Ash, metsi le kalaka ka boholo laoloa ba metered ho mixer ka. Ho tiisetsa ho tsoaka ka potlako 'me junifomo hasana ha metsi a phaella ka le a alkali, le mixer phahameng matla e sebediswa. A tlaase matla sesebediswa kang leloala pug e sebelisoa e le mixer mahareng ho fana ka e ntle moeeng o ikopanye le ho lumella ho tsamaisa ya ammonia ho tswa ho tse ngata tsa molora. Ho tloha mongobo dikahare molora o tlaase haholo, lintho tse bonahalang tse phallang ka mixer sena e le haholo ferekanang phofo omileng. Ammonia khase bokella ka bobeli ea phahameng le

tlaase mixers lebelo e recycled ho fehla motlakase unit trust flue.

Molora deammoniated e omisitsoeng ka ho fetisa boitsebiso boo ka o oma halima ho tlosa metsi feteletseng. Ho qetela molora thempereichara e ka bang 65ºC (150hoF) ke lekaneng ho hlahisa bolokolohi ka ho feletseng- phallang sehlahisoa omileng.

tshebetso recovers 100% tsa fofa molora tšoaroa le molora sephetho kopana tobileng tsohle bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ka konkreiti. STET o ammonia tlosa thulaganyou e ka sebelisoa feela kapa hammoho le theknoloji e khampani k'habone karohano. Sena mokgwathupelo modular e fana ka tlaase-tlaase theko tharollo bakeng sa ho tšoara ka tsela e nngwe unusable fofa molora.

Ena khoebo tekanyo e tshebetsong ka sebetsana ho fihlela ho

47 tonnes ka hora molora silafetseng, fokotsa dikahare ammonia ho ka tlase ho 75 mg, / lik'hilograma. Tletseng tekanyo e STET ammonia tlosa tsamaiso ea hona joale e sebetsang ho Jacksonville Electric Authority SJRPP, TEC Big Bend, le RWE npower Aberthaw libaka tsa molora sebetsa.

3. STET molora Processing Facilities

Laoloa tlaase Loi fofa molora hlahisoang le thekenoloji STET a ho motso liteishene matla ho pholletsa le U.S., Canada, le U.K., Poland le Korea. The sebetswa fofa molora e marketed tlasa ProAsh® cha ho pholletsa libakeng tsena 'maraka. ProAsh® fofa molora e amohetswe bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ke tse fetang mashome a mabeli hore ba boholong e khōlō boemo, hammoho le mekhatlo e tse ling tse ngata ga tlhaloso. ProAsh® o boetse o e pakiloeng tlas'a Canada Maemo Association le EN 450:2005 melao-motheo ea boleng Europe. STET libaka tsa molora sebetsa thathamisitsoe ka Lethathamo 1.

ka 2008, STET laela sona kholo ka ho fetisisa US fofa molora beneficiation setsing ka Tampa Electric Company Big Bend Station Florida. Tse pedi separators STET ba hlomamisa ho hlahisa tlaase Loi ProAsh® . A pele-ea-lona-mofuta kgaoganyo boraro e sebediswa ho tsepamisa mohopolo ka ho eketsehileng har'a carbon ho e fumantsa le mafura a boleng ba EcoTherm ho™ le ho e fumantsa tjhelete ya ProAsh® hlaphoheloa. Mohaho oa Big Bend, eo e hlahisa 260,000 boima ba lithane tse ka selemo sa ProAsh®, akarelletsang 25,000 ton Dome bakeng sa iphepe molora, e 10,000 ton sesiu bakeng ProAsh® le 6,500 ton sesiu bakeng EcoTherm™ .

3.1. ZGP Project, Poland

ka April 2010 pele STET la kgaoganyo tlhomamiso ka kontinenteng Europe a ne a laeloa ho ea moeling oa ho kopantswe mouoane le matla a dimela tsa soda Polska Ciech sp, med o.o. – Janikosoda le Inowrocław dimela ka Poland. Sena se setsing molora sebetsa, ntshetswa mmoho le STET, e ne a ena le sebetsa ka ho ZGP sp,. o.o., e kopanetsweng khoebo khampani ya Lafarge Polska SA le soda Polska CIECH sp,. ho tswa

o.o.dimela le matla a ho hlahisa mabapi 180,000 tonnes ka selemo fofa molora o ileng isoa metsi ho matangoana 2 km le hole.

setsing sa e ile ea hahoa ka moeli oa semela matla. morero oo o akarelletsa ho sokoloha ha metsi molora pokello le lipalangoang tsamaiso ea ho tse hlano

litanka ho omileng molora le letšo-letšo mohato tsamaiso ea pokello, e STET la kgaoganyo, polokelo meliko eo bakeng sa iphepe molora, le ProAsh® le EcoTherm™ lihlahisoa, le e EcoTherm™ Hlahisa System lokela ho khutlisetsa EcoTherm™ ho litanka le ho hlaphoheloa boleng mafura, hammoho le mehaho e thusang, compressors le ditsela tse ntjha. Hobane fepa ka molora o boetse o ho sebetswa ho tswa ho e haufi le moo Inowrocław- Cuttlefish matla dimela ruilweng ke Poland soda Ciech sp,. o.o., litokisetso tse entsoeng bakeng sa unloading fepa ka molora ba late ho setsing sa ka pneumatici literaka sekepeng se tsamaisang thepa. Tsela phallo temperaturdiagramm bakeng sa setsing molora beneficiation ho bontšoa Figure 4 le akaretsang moralo setsing ka Figure 5. The e tlase Loi ProAsh® e hlahisitseng ho EN450:2005 litekanyetso tsa hae le ho e sebediswa ka haufi dimela samente ruilweng ke Lafarge ho hlahisa fofa molora samente. A 30,000 tonnes omileng molora sesiu e ile ea hahoa ka hare ho ka jareteng ea semela samente, ho boloka molora nakong ea mariha.

feie. 4. ZGP Process Setšoantšo se Qanollang

feie. 6. ZGP ST fofa molora beneficiation dimela

3.2 Design Motheo

Ash bophahamo ba modumo ho sebetswa selemo le selemo: 180,000 T

EcoTherm™ combusted ke semela matla 24,000 tonnes / selemo, molumo setseng ho sebelisoa ke

1.Disassembly ba tsamaiso ea metsi lipalangoang

2.Delivery 'me phutheho e ncha le letšo-letšo mohato oona tsamaisong fetisetsana

3.Delivery 'me phutheho ea compressors

4.Kaho ea molora karohano setsing meliko eo ke: Fepa Ash sesiu 1,200T

ProAsh® 1,000T EcoTherm ™1,000T

5.Kaho ea Litsela le site ya tsa dibopeho tsa motheo setsing qala-up ka May 2010

morero oo o ile kenngwa tshebetsong hara moralo oa tšebeliso ea rerile le ka nako e behiloeng.

3.3Performance ea setsing ka 2011

Thehiloeng ka ntho e ntle boiphihlelo tshebetso e fumanweng ka nako ya tshebetso qala-ho fihlela, le ka 2010 tshebetso, taolo setsing etsa qeto ea ho sebetsa molora eketsehileng ho tswa ho limela tse ling matla a, le k'habone dikahare e phahameng ka ho fofa molora feta amoheleha ka ho EN 450 tekanyetso.

The Loi ka molora nehelanoa ne a tsoa 8 ho 20%. Ka leseli la ka holimo, molora bophahamo ba modumo sebetswa ke setsing ZGP eketsehile 2011 ho 220,000 lithane tse.

Loi tsa fofa molora, ProAsh® le EcoTherm™ ka 2011

4. Kakaretso

The phethoa fofa setsing molora sebetsa, thehiloeng thekenoloji tse fanoang ke arohana Technologies LLC feletseng felisoa ho hlokahala hore a boloka fofa molora ka MAtwy le Janikowo dimela matla.

The litšila fofa molora e neng e baka tšenyo e tikoloho ka lilemo tse 'me ba ne ba bolokwa ka ntle jareteng e ka theko e phahameng haholo e ile ea e marketable sehlahisoa bitsoa ProAsh® 'me hona joale ka ho feletseng sebelisoa ke lefapha samente, latela tekanyetso EN-450.

EcoTherm™ e hona joale e sebelisoa e le mafura a ka le matla a limela le dimela samente, fokotsa palo ya mashala chesa ka dimela tseo 'me ka tsela e ntseng e eketseha ea bokgoni ba ho litanka.

morero oo o ile a kopana le bobeli maikemisetso lona lichelete le tikoloho. setsing sa bontša phahameng molora bokgoni sebetsa, ho latela boleng, palo le ho e lokisa thekenoloji, le bile ka tšeptjoang.

Maximizing sa tshebediso ya fofa molora ka nkang sebaka samente tlhahiso ka konkreiti haholo ho fokotsa mesi e kotsi carbon dioxide e amanang le mosebetsi kaho. E le ho qoba ho felloa ke mohlodi ena ea bohlokoa ea lintho tse bonahalang bakeng sa tlhahiso ea ka konkreiti hammoho le phokotseho ya mesi e kotsi ntlo khase tala amanang le kaho ka konkreiti, dithulaganyo ho tsosolosetsa boleng ba fofa molora ka tsela e moruo le tikoloho solofetsang ho hlokahala.

The beneficiation tsa fofa molora le dithulaganyo arohana Technologies "ka ho eketsehileng ho eketsa phepelo ea lintho tse bonahalang ena ea bohlokoa. The ST beneficiation dithulaganyo tsoela pele ho ba le mekhoa e ho fetisisa ho pharaletseng a sebelisa ea ho ntlafatsa ho seng joalo unusable fofa molora ho thepa theko e phahameng bakeng sa samente Phetolo ka konkreiti s. 19 STET k'habone separators tse etsoang e le tse fetang 100 mochini-lilemo tse sebetsang.

ProAsh® e fumanoa amohelana lohle ho indasteri e hahiloeng ka konkreite ka Premium fofa molora hlokang hole tlase go baya leitlho ya ditlhoko moea entrainment e loketseng ho ka tlaase ho moo Loi a iponahatsa ho feta molora tse ling.

Khutlela ho phahameng-k'habone mamelisise tloha tshebetso STET ho tanka ya ka semela matla dumella hlaphoheloa ba hlaphoheloa k'habone boleng mafura ka bokgoni tšoanang le mashala.

STET fana e rarahaneng ea theknoloji e moruong sebetsang hantle bakeng sa ho fumana molora tsa ntlafatsa boleng e neng e tla ka tsela e nngwe ho landfilled. Technologies tsa electrostatic k'habone karohano, Ecotherm™ kgutlele ho tanka ea, le ammonia tlosa fana ka tharollo modular mathata amanang le fofa molora tshebediso le ho sireletsa tikoloho ka lefapha la matla. theknoloji e tsena tse tharo ka ho sebediswa ho mekhahlelo e, kapa

tafole. STET Commercial tshebetso

e le mosebetsi o le 'ngoe. Ka Table ya data e khutšoanyane ka liphello tsa ho kenya tshebetsong le tshebetso tsa khoebo tsa STET mashala molora beneficiation ditlhomo tse hlahisoang.