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STET Triboelectrostatic karohano e sebelisitsoe molemong oa thekiso ea molora oa motlakase oa mollo oa mashala ho hlahisa sehlahisoa se tlase sa k'habone se ka sebelisoang e le phetoho ea samente ka konkreite hoo e ka bang 20 lilemo….
Download PDFF. Hrach, S. Gasiorowski, H.Guicherd
ST Helmets & Technologies LLC (STET), 101 Hampton Avenue, Needham MA 02494 usa
Seboka: Vietbuild Ho Chi Lak City - June 2015
Keywords: Triboelectrostatic, Beneficiation, Dry fofa Ash, K'habone arohana inahaneloang
STET Triboelectrostatic karohano 'nile la sebelisoa bakeng sa beneficiation khoebo ea mashala combustion e fofa molora ho hlahisa tlaase k'habone sehlahisoa bakeng sa ho sebelisoa e le Phetolo samente ka konkreiti s bakeng sa hoo e ka bang mashome a mabeli lilemo tse. ka 18 separators ka 12 mashala-lelekoa dimela matla ka mose lefatše, ST Helmets & Technology LLC e (STET) patented electrostatic kgaoganyo 'nile la sebelisoa ho hlahisa holim'a 15 tonnes milione tsa carbon sehlahisoa tlaase.
Ho fihla joale, beneficiation khoebo ea fofa molora o 'nile a etsa feela ka ommeng "li matha ea seteishene" molora. STET o electrostatic beneficiation thekenoloji ho fokotsa carbon dikahare tsa mashala fofa molora, ho hlahisa ka tsela e lumellanang, tlaase k'habone molora bakeng sa ho sebelisoa e le ka nkang sebaka sa samente. Fofa molora le maemo k'habone ho fihlela ho 25% ba 'nile ba sebelisoa ho hlahisa molora le laoloa k'habone boemo ba 2 ± 0.5%. A sehlahisoa k'habone-morui ka nako ya hlahiswa ho hlaphoheloa le mafura a boleng ba k'habone le.
SELELEKELA
The American mashala Ash Association (ACAA) selemo le selemo ho lekoloe ea tlhahiso le ho sebelisoa ha mashala fofa molora o tlaleha hore pakeng 1966 le 2011, tse fetang 2.3 limilione tse likete tse boima ba lithane tse khutšoanyane fofa molora di hlahiswa ke mashala-lelekoa utility boilers.1 Of chelete ena, hoo e ka bang 625 boima ba lithane tse limilione tse di hamolemo sebediswa, hangata bakeng sa samente le tlhahiso ea konkreiti s. Leha ho le joalo, tse setseng 1.7+ boima ba lithane tse limilione tse likete tse a haholo-holo ho fumanoa landfills kapa tlala ponded impoundments. Ha a ntse a tshebediso ditefello bakeng sa qetang generated fofa molora li eketsehile haholo ho theosa le lilemo tsa morao tjena, le ditefello hona joale haufi 45%, hoo e ka bang 40 boima ba lithane tse limilione tse fofa molora o ntse o lahloa selemo le selemo. Ha a ntse a ditefello tshebediso Europe ba 'nile ba e phahameng haholo ho feta ka US, meqolo e khōlō ea fofa molora le tsona li bolokoa landfills le impoundments linaheng tse ling tsa Europe. E chelete ka tsela e feteletseng tsa carbon unburned ka fofa molora ke bothata atileng ka ho fetisisa. Mokhatlo American oa State Highway le Transportation boholong (Aas ः ho) le Melao ea European (EN 450 Category A) hloka hore chelete tsa carbon unburned ka fofa molora, lekanngoa ka tahlehelo ka thothetsang molelo (MOLAO) sa feteng 5% ke boima ba 'mele. Leha ho le joalo, ho tloha ka bohareng ba bo-bo-1990, hlongoa Morero NOx thepa taolo ka dimela mashala-lelekoa matla e ile ea eketseha carbon (MOLAO) dikahare tsa boholo ba neng marketable fofa molora. ditlhoko ka ho eketsehileng le ho fokotsa NOx le mesi e kotsi tse ling matla a dimela ba fella ka hore ho silafatsoa la fofa molora le ammonia. Ka lebaka leo, ha ho utloisisa melemo ea ho sebelisa fofa molora ka konkreiti s o tsoela pele ho eketsa, le ho fumaneha ha loketse boleng fofa molora e fokotseha. E hlophisitsweng, le moruong beneficiate theoha boleng fofa molora kahoo hape ya ho eketseha thahasella ka matla 'me ka konkreiti liindasteri le. STET e le pula-maliboho e hlophisitsweng, joalo ka bobeli k'habone le ammonia ho tloswa ho tswa ho fofa molora.
THEKNOLOJI Overview - fofa molora k'habone arohane
Ka kgaoganyo STET k'habone (Figure 1), lintho tse bonahalang tse feptjoang ka lekhalo tšesaane pakeng tsa li-electrode tse peli e tšoanang planar. likaroloana li triboelectrically qosoa ke interparticle
ho ikopanya. The sebele qosoa k'habone le matsoai a hlonamisitsoe qosoa (ka molora qetang generated hore ha e so wetted le omisitsoeng) ba khahloa ke li-electrode bo fapaneng. likaroloana li ebe hoholoa ho fihlela ke e tsoelang pele fallisetseng lebanta le fetisoa ka litaelo bo fapaneng. Lebanta susumelletsa ho likaroloana haufi le e mong le e eleketrode nģ'a lipheletsong fapaneng kgaoganyo ho. The phahameng lebanta lebelo hape nolofalletsa throughputs phahameng haholo, ho fihlela ho 36 tonnes ka hora ka kgaoganyo e le 'ngoe. Lekhalo nyane, tšimo phahameng gagamalo, countercurrent phallo, matla phatsa-phatsa pherekano le ho intša ho hloekisa bohato ba lebanta le ka li-electrode ho ba likarolo tse mahlonoko tseo tsa kgaoganyo STET. Ke ho laola entsprechen tse fapa-fapaneng thulaganyou e, tse kang lebelo lebanta, ntlha iphepe, le sekhahla iphepe, tshebetso STET hlahisa tlaase Loi fofa molora ka dikahare k'habone ka tlase ho 1.5 ho 4.5% ho tloha fepa ka fofa molora ho tloha ka Loi tswa 4% ka holimo ho 25%.
feie. 1 STET la kgaoganyo
Moralo kgaoganyo ke batlang le bonolo le le diseke ee. A mochini etselitsoeng ho sebetsa 36 tonnes ka hora ke hoo e ka bang 9 limithara (30 feat.) nako e telele, 1.5 limithara (5 feat.) lohle, le 2.75 limithara (9 feat.) phahameng. Lebanta le rollers se amahanngoang ke likarolo feela ho fallela. li-electrode ho ba ema le entsoe ka e lintho tse bonahalang ka nepo tsoarellang. lebanta e entsoe ka polasetiki nonconductive. The kgaoganyo ya tshebediso ya matla e ka 1 kilowatt-hora ka tonne boitsebiso sebetswa ka ho fetisisa ea matla a chesa ke Motors tse peli khanna lebanta.
tshebetso e ommeng ka ho feletseng, hloka ha thepa tse eketsehileng ntle ho fofa molora le hlahisa ha metsi a likhoerekhoere kapa moea mesi e kotsi. Thepa hlaphoheloa bopilwe fofa molora fokotswa ka dikahare k'habone ho maemo a loketse bakeng sa tshebediso ya ka admixture pozzolanic ka konkreiti s, le phahameng k'habone karoloana e metle e le mafura. Tshebediso ya melapo sehlahisoa bobeli e fana ka 100% tharollo ho fofa mathata molora lahla.
Hlaphoheloa mafura BOHLOKOA BA HIGH-k'habone fofa molora
, Ho phaella ho ka carbon sehlahisoa tlaase bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ka konkreiti, cha bitsoang ProAsh®, le STET karohano thulaganyou e hape recovers ho seng joalo sentse unburned k'habone ka mokgwa wa k'habone e ngata fofa molora, le diselefounu tsa EcoTherm™. EcoTherm™ e na le boleng bohlokoa mafura le ka ba bonolo ho khutlela le matla a motlakase dimela sebedisa STET EcoTherm™ Hlahisa tsamaiso e khopo ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea mashala ho semela. Ha EcoTherm™ chesoa ka tanka utility, matla a ho tloha combustion e e sokolohela phahameng khatello ea / phahameng mocheso mouoane ebe ho motlakase ka bokgoni tšoana le mashala, ka tloaelo ho 35%. Ho sokoloha ha a hlaphoheloa eneji, le mogote ho motlakase ST Helmets & Technology LLC EcoTherm™ Kgutlisa tsamaiso e khopo e makhetlo a mabeli ho a mararo e phahameng ho feta ea ea thekenoloji tlhōlisano moo matla a e hlaphoheloa ka mocheso tlaase sehlopheng ka mokgwa wa metsi a chesang eo e ajoa ho tanka fepa ka oona tsamaisong ea metsi. EcoTherm™ le boetse le sebelisoa e le mohloli oa silica le ea alumina ka kilns samente, displacing thepa e theko e boima ho feta tala, tse kang shale kapa bauxite, tse sebelisoa ho hlahisoeng ha samente. Ts'ebelisong ea phahameng k'habone EcoTherm™ Ash ebang ke ka matla a dimela kapa Kiln samente, maximizes ho hlaphoheloa matla a ho mashala a lopolla, fokotsa tlhokeho ya ho rafa le tsamaisa mafura eketsehileng ho mehaho ea.
STET o Talen Energy Brandon Shores, SMEPA R.D. Morrow, NBP Belledune, RWEnpower Didcot, EDF Energy West Burton, le RWEnpower Aberthaw fofa dimela molora, tsohle kenyeletsa EcoTherm™ tsamaiso ea khutla. Metsoako ea bohlokoa ea tsamaiso ea tse hlahisoang Figure 2.
feie. 2 EcoTherm™ tsamaiso e khopo khutla
STET molora Processing Facilities
Laoloa tlaase Loi fofa molora hlahisoang le thekenoloji STET a ho leshome le metso e liteishene matla ho pholletsa le U.S., Canada, le U.K., Poland, le Republic of Korea. ProAsh® fofa molora
e amohetswe bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ke tse fetang mashome a mabeli hore ba boholong e khōlō boemo, hammoho le mekhatlo e tse ling tse ngata ga tlhaloso. ProAsh® o boetse o e pakiloeng tlas'a Canada Maemo Association le EN 450:2005 melao-motheo ea boleng Europe. Ash lokisa mehaho e sebelisa thekenoloji STET thathamisitsoe ka Lethathamo 1.
tafole 1. STET Commercial tshebetso
| utility / Station matla | Location | Qala Commercial tshebetso | Dintlha setsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duke Energy - Roxboro Station | North Carolina usa | Sept. 1997 | 2 Separators |
| lipuo Energy - Brandon Seteishene sa Shores | Maryland usa | Mmesa 1999 | 2 Separators 35,000 ton polokelo Dome. Ho khutla ha Ecotherm ™ 2008 |
| Shchotash (Lafarge / Scotland Matla a kopanetsoeng khoebo) - Longannet Station | Scotland UK | Oct. 2002 | 1 kgaoganyo |
| Jacksonville Authority Electric - St. John o River Power Park, FL | Florida usa | E se eka 2003 | 2 Separators Mashala / Petcoke e nyalana ammonia tloswa |
| South Mississippi Electric Matla a Matla R.D. Morrow Station | Mississippi usa | Jan. 2005 | 1 kgaoganyo Ho khutla ha Ecotherm ™ |
| Matla a Brunswick a Macha Khampani Belledune Station | New Brunswick, Canada | Mmesa 2005 | 1 kgaoganyo Mashala / Petcoke e nyalana Ho khutla ha Ecotherm ™ |
| OF npower Didcot Station | Engelane UK | Phato 2005 | 1 kgaoganyo Ho khutla ha Ecotherm ™ |
| Lipuo Energy Brunner Island Station | Pennsylvania usa | December 2006 | 2 Separators 40,000 Ton polokelo Dome |
| Tampa Electric Co. Big Bend Station | Florida usa | Mmesa 2008 | 3 Separators, habeli fetisetsana 25,000 Ton polokelo Dome ammonia tloswa |
| OF npower Aberthaw Station (Lafarge tiisa UK) | Wales UK | September 2008 | 1 kgaoganyo ammonia tloswa Ho khutla ha Ecotherm ™ |
| EDF Energy West Burton Station (Lafarge samente UK, Cemex) | Engelane UK | Mphalane 2008 | 1 kgaoganyo Ho khutla ha Ecotherm ™ |
| ZGP (Lafarge samente Poland / Ciech Janikosoda JV) | Poland | March 2010 | 1 kgaoganyo |
| Korea Boroa-Bochabela Power Yeongheung lihlopha 5&6 | Korea Boroa | September 2014 | 1 kgaoganyo Ho khutla ha Ecotherm ™ |
| Lafarge samente Poland Warsaw | Poland | 2016 | 1 kgaoganyo |
Nahanisisa
Maximizing sa tshebediso ya fofa molora ka nkang sebaka samente tlhahiso ka konkreiti haholo ho fokotsa mesi e kotsi carbon dioxide e amanang le mosebetsi kaho. Leha ho le joalo, taolo tšilafalo tsamaiso ea kenngwa tshebetsong ke liteishene matla mashala-lelekoa bo feletse ka phokotso ea fumaneha fofa molora sebokeng seo ho songolo hahiloeng ka konkreite-sehlopheng. boitšoaro bo hlephileng ka ho eketsehileng ea boleng fofa molora e lebeletsoe ka lebaka la ho tsa bohlokoa tse fokotsang ho eketsehileng ka mesi e kotsi khase lumelleha. E le ho qoba ho felloa ke mohlodi ena ea bohlokoa ea lintho tse bonahalang bakeng sa tlhahiso ea ka konkreiti hammoho le phokotseho ya mesi e kotsi khase sethopo amanang le kaho ka konkreiti, dithulaganyo ho tsosolosetsa boleng ba fofa molora ka tsela e moruo le tikoloho solofetsang ho hlokahala.
The beneficiation tsa fofa molora le dithulaganyo STET ka ho eketsehileng ho eketsa phepelo ea lintho tse bonahalang ena ea bohlokoa. Le thulaganyo STET beneficiation tsoela pele ho ba le mekhoa e ho fetisisa ho pharaletseng a sebelisa ea ho ntlafatsa ho seng joalo unusable fofa molora ho thepa e phahameng-boleng bakeng sa samente Phetolo ka konkreiti s. Shorobedi SETT k'habone separators Hona joale sebakeng le fetang 100 mochini-lilemo tse sebetsang.
ProAsh® e fumanoa amohelana lohle ho indasteri e hahiloeng ka konkreite ka Premium fofa molora hlokang hole tlase go baya leitlho ya ditlhoko moea entrainment e loketseng ho ka tlaase ho moo Loi a iponahatsa ho feta molora tse ling. Khutlela ho phahameng-k'habone mamelisise tloha tshebetso STET ho tanka ya ka semela matla dumella hlaphoheloa ba hlaphoheloa k'habone boleng mafura ka bokgoni e tšoanang le mashala. STET fana ho bolela litšenyehelo ho hlaphoheloa molora bakeng sa tšebeliso e phahameng-boleng e neng e tla ka tsela e nngwe ho landfilled. Electrostatic k'habone arohane le ho Ecotherm™ kgutlele ho tanka ea fana ka tharollo modular litlhoko tsa fofa molora le utility e. dithulaganyo tsena ka ho sebediswa ho mekhahlelo e, kapa e le mosebetsi o le 'ngoe.
References
[1] American mashala Ash mashala lihlahisoa combustion e le Sebelisa Statistics:
https://www.acaa-usa.org/Publications/Production-Use-Reports/
