Triboelectrostatic Beneficiation o Landfilled Fly Ash WOCA 2015

Triboelectrostatic Beneficiation o

Whenua Kī Fly Ash

L. Baker, He. Gupta, ko S. Gasiorowski

ST Taputapu & Technologies LLC, 101 Hampton Avenue, Needham MA 02494 USA

AMUIRAA: 2015 Ao o Coal Ash - (www.worldofcoalash.org)

KEYWORDS: Triboelectrostatic, Beneficiation, Fly Ash, Landfilled, maroke, wehenga, waro

waitara

Kua wehenga Triboelectrostatic kua whakamahia hoki te beneficiation arumoni o te rere waro ngingiha pungarehu ki te whakaputa i te hua waro iti mō te whakamahi rite te whakakapinga sima i roto i te raima tata rua tekau tau mo. ki te 18 whakawehe i roto i 12 tipu te mana waro-pupuhi puta noa te ao, ST Taputapu & Hangarau LLC o (STET) Kua arai whakawehe hiko kua whakamahia ki te whakaputa i runga i 15 Miriona tana o hua waro iti.

ki te rā, Kua beneficiation arumoni o te rere pungarehu kua whakamana anake i runga i maroke "oma o pungarehu station‿. hanga ture taiao Tata kua, i roto i te etahi hokohoko, he hiahia ki te tuku pungarehu beneficiated i roto i nga wa o te whakatupuranga pungarehu iti. tenei, i honoa e ki te whakaritenga i roto i te tahi mau wāhi ki te noho tahanga pae tanú pungarehu hītori, kua hanga te hiahia ki te whakawhanake i tētahi tukanga ki te beneficiate pungarehu mua landfilled.

Kua whakaaturia ngā mua e ki te puaretanga o te rere pungarehu makuku, a pānga whakamaroke muri te triboelectrostatic tohutohutia huarahi, ki te waro me te kohuke matūriki ka tohutohutia i roto i te wehenga tawhiti ritenga ki taua ite ki oma o teihana pungarehu. Akoranga Kua whakamana e te kaituhi ki te whakatau i te pānga o te houku te rongo i runga i te wehenga tōtika o te maha pungarehu e kua faaho'i i landfills me maroke. ite Akona hokinga whakamuri i whakamaroke whai, engari tutuki kakama wehenga whānui i ōrite ki taua ite ki oma hou o te teihana pungarehu.

I te uiui e te pānga o te pungarehu maroke whangaia haumākū whanaunga i runga i te pai wehenga triboelectrostatic, a ka nui heke tūtohutanga whakaritea ki taua ite ki oma o teihana pungarehu, e tukupu ana whānui utu tukanga.

KUPU WHAKATAKI

Te American Coal Ash Association (ACAA) rangahau ā-tau o te hanga me te whakamahi o te waro pungarehu rere pūrongo e waenganui i 1966 a 2011, ki runga 2.3 piriona toni poto o te rere pungarehu kua whakaputaina e nga kohua i whaipainga waro-pupuhi.1 O tenei nui āhua 625 Kua whakamahia maitai miriona toni, te nuinga hoki sima me te hanga raima. Heoi, te toe 1.7+ E matua kitea piriona toni i roto i landfills ki tonu ponded ranei

impoundments. Ahakoa kua nui haere auau whakamahi mō te pungarehu rere korari hanga tino i runga i tau tata nei, ki reiti nāianei tata 45%, āhua 40 tonu miriona toni o rere pungarehu ki kia tikanga o tau. I reiti whakamahi i roto i Europe kua nui ki runga ake i roto i te US, nui pukapuka o rere pungarehu kua hoki kua rongoa i roto i landfills me impoundments i roto i te tahi mau whenua Pākehā.

Aita i maoro a'e, Kua nui haere te moni i roto i ora i tenei rauemi ineine, wāhanga e tika ana ki te tono mo te-kounga tiketike pungarehu rere hoki raima me te sima production i roto i te wā o te production iti rite te mana whakatupuranga waro-pupuhi, kua heke i roto i Europe a Amerika Te Tai Tokerau. Kei te kipakipa hoki ngā āwangawanga e pā ana ki te wā roa-pānga taiao o taua landfills taputapu ki te kitea tono whakamahi painga mō tenei pungarehu penapena.

Whenua KOUNGA ASH whakakiia ME hiahiatia BENEFICIATION

Ahakoa kia etahi o tenei pungarehu rere rongoa e tika ana mō te whakamahi painga rite tuatahi kari, ka rapua e te nuinga etahi tukatuka ki te whakatau paerewa kounga mō te sima production raima ranei. Kua Mai te nuinga kua nana te rauemi ki te taea whāwhā me te raungaitinga ia faka'ehi'ehi mei whakatupuranga puehu mahino, Ka pea hei whakamaroke he whakaritenga iti mō te whakamahi i roto i te raima mai e hiahia ana hua raima ki tonu i te mahi o te rere batching pungarehu rite te puehu maroke. Heoi, te haapapū i te hanganga matū o te pungarehu tutuki ngā, tino arā whanganga te ihirangi waro rite te mate-i runga i-pātīmata (TURE), Ko te wero nui. Ka rite ki kua nui haere whakamahi rere pungarehu i roto i te whakamutunga 20+ tau, te nuinga "i roto i-spec‿ kua whakamahia maitai pungarehu, ka pai te pungarehu atu-te kounga. Ko te kupu, ka waiho loi whakaiti he whakaritenga mō te whakamahi i te nuinga o te rere pungarehu whakahoki i impoundments whaipainga.

Loi Tuhinga BY wehenga TRIBOELECTRIC

Ahakoa kua whakamahia ngā kaimahi ngā tikanga ngingiha me ngā tukanga tēnei waka mo loi whakaiti o ora ake landfilled ka ponded rere pungarehu, ST Taputapu & Technologies (STET) Kua kitea e tona pūnaha tukatuka paerewa, roa whakamahia mō te beneficiation o pungarehu rere korari hanga, Ko rite whai hua i runga i pungarehu ora ake i muri i whakamaroke tika, me te deagglomeration i raro utu whakahaere whānui.

I roto i te papa rōnaki-ake ki te tono arumoni o te pūnaha tukatuka STET mō te rere pungarehu, whakamatauria kairangahau STET te wehenga o te pungarehu landfilled maroke. wehea tenei pungarehu rio mai pungarehu rawa rite ki te puku o hanga ki tetahi rerekētanga maere: i taui te utu matūriki i taua o te pungarehu hou ki te waro tohutohutia kino i roto i te pā ana ki te kohuke.2 Kua kitea hoki ētahi atu kairangahau o te wehenga hiko o te waro pungarehu rere tenei ari.3,4,5

WHÄNUI TECHNOLOGY - te rere ASH waro wehenga

I roto i te whakawehe STET waro (Figure 1), Kei te whangai rauemi ki te āputa angiangi i waenganui i rua electrodes planar whakarara. Kei te triboelectrically whakatupato nga matūriki i te interparticle whakapā. Ko te waro pai whakatupato me te kohuke tōraro whakatupato (i roto i te pungarehu korari hanga kore i i i nana, ka maroke) E ngā ki electrodes ritenga. Kei te ka kahakina te matūriki ake e te whitiki pokarekarenga tonu a tuku i roto i ngā tohutohu ritenga. Ko te whitiki neke te matūriki pātata ki ia kawehiko ki pito ritenga o te whakawehe. Te tere whitiki tiketike āhei hoki throughputs tiketike rawa, ki runga ki 36 tana ia haora i runga i te whakawehe kotahi. Ko te āputa iti, mara ngaohiko teitei, te haukoti i rere nāianei, maia rōpū matūriki-matūriki me whaiaro horoi-mahi o te whitiki i runga i te electrodes ko nga āhuatanga tino o te whakawehe STET. Na roto i te whakahaere ngā tawhā tukanga, pērā i te tere whitiki, wāhi kai, me te auau kai, te tukanga STET hua iti pungarehu rere loi i tirotiro waro o iti iho i te 1.5 ki 4.5% i kai pungarehu rere kopikopiko i roto i te loi i 4% ki runga i 25%.

Fig. 1 STET Whakawehe

Ko ngā ohie, me te kiato te hoahoa whakawehe. He mīhini hangaia ki te tukatuka 36 tana ia haora, ko te āhua 9 m (30 ft.) roa, 1.5 m (5 ft.) whānui, a 2.75 m (9 ft.) tiketike. Ko te whitiki, me te awa e hāngai ana ko nga wahi anake neke. He pahoho me tito o te rauemi tika roa nga electrodes. hanga te whitiki te o kore- kirihou conductive. kohi mana o te whakawehe ko e pā ana ki 1 kirowati-haora ia tone o rauemi tukatuka ki te nuinga o te kaha pau e rua motors peia te whitiki.

Ko te katoa maroke te tukanga, titau kahore rauemi atu atu atu i te pungarehu rere, me te hua kore wai ururua tukunga rangi ranei. Ko te rauemi ora ake ngā o pungarehu rere iti i roto i te te ihirangi waro ki taumata e tika ana mō te whakamahi rite he hawhekaihe pozzolanic i roto i

raima, me te hautanga waro teitei whai hua rite wahie. Whakamahi o awa hua e rua whakarato te 100% otinga ki te rere raruraru te hoko pungarehu.

Tuhinga Fuel ora ake ana i HIGH-Waro te rere ASH

I tua atu ki te hua waro iti mō te whakamahi i roto i te raima, waitohu ingoa ProAsh®, te tukanga wehenga STET ora te kore maumauria ano waro unburned i te puka o te pungarehu ngaro waro-taonga, EcoTherm parani™. EcoTherm™ He uara wahie nui, me te ngāwari e taea te hoki mai ki te whakato mana hiko mā te whakamahi i te EcoTherm STET™ Hoki pūnaha ki te whakaiti i te whakamahi waro i te tipu. A, no te EcoTherm™ Kei te tahuna i roto i te kōhua ​​whaipainga, Kei te tahuri te pūngao i parariraa ki pēhanga teitei / steam pāmahana tiketike, me te ka ki te hiko i te tōtika taua rite waro, te nuinga 35%. Ko te faafariuraa o te pūngao ngāwhā ora ake ki te hiko i roto i ST Taputapu & Hangarau LLC EcoTherm™ Ko e rua ki te toru nga wa ki runga ake i taua o te hangarau whakataetae te wahi ora ake te pūngao kei te rite te wera iti-kōeke i roto i te puka o te wai wera huri nei ki te pūnaha wai kai kōhua ​​pūnaha Hoki. EcoTherm™ Kei te whakamahia hoki rite te puna o te alumina i roto i tahunga sima, displacing te bauxite atu te utu e te nuinga o kawea tawhiti roa. Whakamahi i te EcoTherm waro tiketike™ pungarehu rānei i te tipu te mana i te oumu, sima ranei, hei kaha te whakaora pūngao i te waro tukua, whakaiti i te hiahia ki te oku, ka kawe wahie atu ki te whakaurunga.

a STET Raven Power Brandon takutai, SMEPA R.D. apopo, NBP Belledune, RWEnpower Didcot, EDF Energy Te Hau-ā-uru Burton, a rere RWEnpower Aberthaw tipu pungarehu, ngā katoa EcoTherm™ pūnaha Hoki. E te aroaro nga wāhanga faufaa o te pūnaha i roto i te Whakaahua 2.

Fig. 2 EcoTherm™ pūnaha Hoki

Whakaurunga PROCESING STET ASH

whakaputaina te mana rere pungarehu loi iti te ki te hangarau o STET i teihana mana kotahi tekau ma rua puta noa i te US, Canada, te U.K., Poland, ko Republic o Korea. ProAsh® Kua pungarehu rere kua whakaaetia mō te whakamahi i runga i rua tekau mana huanui kāwanatanga, me te maha atu pokapū whakatakotoranga. ProAsh® Kua hoki i tohu i raro i Canadian Standards Association ko EN 450:2005 paerewa kounga i roto i Europe. whakaurunga tukatuka pungarehu whakamahi hangarau STET e whakarārangitia i roto i te Ripanga 1.

ripanga 1. STET Commercial Operations

Ora ake COAL ASH MEI whakakiia WHENUA

i whiwhi E rua puna o pungarehu i landfills: tauira A i te tipu te mana kei roto i

te United Basileia me tauira B: i te Hononga o Amerika. Rua ngā enei tauira o pungarehu i te ngingiha o te waro korotā i nga kohua i whaipainga nui. Nā ki te hononga o te rauemi i roto i te landfills, he wātea kahore atu kōrero mo pūtake waro ngingiha ranei tikanga motuhake.

Ko te tauira rite riro e STET roto i waenganui i 15% a 20% wai rite he angamaheni mo te rauemi landfilled. roto hoki i te tauira rerekē moni o nui >1/8 inihi (~ 3 mm) rauemi. No te faaineine i te tauira mō te wehenga waro, i nekehia atu te otaota nui mā te tātari me te tauira ka maroke, ka deagglomerated mua ki te waro beneficiation. Kei te arotakea ngā tikanga mō te whakamaroke / deagglomeration i roto i te tikanga ki te arotau i te tukanga whānui. aroaro te whārangi rere tukanga whānui i roto i te Whakaahua 3.

Figure 3: whārangi rere Tukanga

i pai nga āhuatanga o te tauira rite i roto i te whānuitanga o te rere pungarehu whiwhi tika i nga kohua i whaipainga noa. Kua whakarāpopotohia nga āhuatanga tino hāngai ana hoki e rua nga whāngai whakawehe me hua i roto i Ripanga 2 me ki hua rio mai.

wehenga waro

tamataraa waro whakaiti te whakamahi i te STET whakawehe whitiki triboelectric hua i roto i te whakaora rawa pai o te hua loi iti. Te ari ngā kitea ko te whakahokinga o tohutohutia o te waro kōrero i runga ake. Ahakoa kua tenei whanonga kua kitea i mua i te STET me ētahi atu kairangahau, te huarahi e taui te mahi whanaunga mahi, me te kupu e kore te whakapā tohutohutia whanonga o te rauemi i matau. Ko tētahi tikanga i mana'ohia ko te tohatoha anō o katote wairewa i runga i te kohuke, me te

whakarāpopoto tepu e whai ake nei i te matū mō tauira i pūtake B. kore kua whakamātautau i runga i te pūtake te rauemi Kua oti.

ripanga 4: Ash Matū o te pungarehu loi iti.

whanaketanga kaha o te 20% whakauru o te pungarehu rere loi iti i roto i te kumete kei roto 600 LB / yd3 whakakitea te rauemi i takea mai i te pungarehu landfilled i mahi ahua pai atu i rauemi i hanga hou. Tirohia te Ripanga 5 i raro.

ripanga 5: kaha Compressive o poraka moata.

WHAKATAUNGA

I muri i scalping o rauemi nui e tika ana, whakamaroke, me te deagglomeration, rere pungarehu ora ake i te whaipainga tipu landfills taea te heke i roto i te te ihirangi waro te whakamahi i te STET commercialized triboelectric whitiki whakawehe. He ōrite pungarehu whiwhi korari i ngā mahi kōhua ​​mō tino te tōtika o te pūnaha STET me maroke rauemi landfilled. he pai hoki te whakamahi i roto i te hanga raima te hua whakawehe i waho atu beneficiation ki ngā āhuatanga mahi tata ōrite. Ka whakarato i te ora me te beneficiation o pungarehu landfilled te supply tonu o pungarehu kounga tiketike mō ngā ngä raima i roto i te noa'tu o te hanga iti o "pungarehu fresh‿ rite taputapu waro-pupuhi whakaiti whakatupuranga. I tua atu, tipu te mana e hiahia ki te tango pungarehu i landfills ki te whakatau te huri ture taiao e taea ki te whakamahi i te tukanga ki te whakaputa ke i te taunahatanga hua ururua ki te rauemi raw tino mō kaihanga raima.

WHAKAPUAKANGA

[1]hua Te tahu American Coal Ash Coal me Whakamahi Tatauranga: https://www.acaa-usa.org/Publications/Production-Use-Reports/

[2]pūrongo ā-ST, August 1995.

[3]i roto i,T.X,. Schaefer, JL, Ban, H., Neathery, J.K., ko Stencel, J.M. Maroke Beneficiation Processing o Te tahu Fly Ash, Nga mahi o te Conference DOE runga waro Unburned i runga i Taputapu Fly Ash, kia 19 20, Pittsburgh, PA, 1998.

[4]Baltrus, J.P., Diehl, J.R., Soong, Y., Sands, W. wehenga Triboelectrostatic o rere pungarehu, me te tiaki hokinga whakamuri, Fuel 81, (2002) pp.757-762.

[5]Cangialosi, F., Notarnicola, M., Liberti, L, Stencel, J. Ko te tūranga o te huarere, i runga i rere tiaki pungarehu tohatoha i roto i beneficiation triboelectrostatic, Journal o Materials Hazardous, 164 (2009) pp.683-688.

Kupu ki te Converter PDF Ului By BCLTechnologies