Inwebisa zokusebenza Dry Ngokwahlukana Triboelectric Wezimbiwa

Inwebisa zokusebenza Dry Triboelectric

Ukwehlukanisa Minerals

James D. Bittner, Kyle P. Flynn, noFrank J. Hrach

ST Izinsiza kusebenza & ubuchwepheshe LLC, Needham Massachusetts 02494 USA

Ucingo: +1-781-972-2300, imeyili: jbittner@titanamerica.com

abstract

ST Izinsiza kusebenza & ubuchwepheshe, LLC (STET) uye wazakhela ukuhlelwa uhlelo esekelwe triboelectrostatic ibhande ngokwahlukana enikeze nekuhanjiswa umkhakha liyindlela beneficiate izinto enhle kodwa ubuchwepheshe ezomile ngokuphelele. Ngokungafani nezinye electrostatic ngokwahlukana izinqubo ukuthi ngokuvamile kungagcini izinhlayiya mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 75μm ngosayizi, the triboelectric ibhande isihlukanisi Lifanele for ukwehlukana esihle kakhulu (<1μm) ukuze ngokulinganisela indawo (300μm) izinhlayiya nge throughput eliphezulu kakhulu. Ukusebenza kahle okusezingeni eliphezulu ngokwahlukana multi-esiteji ngokusebenzisa yangaphakathi ukushaja / lingatshajwa babuye bavuselele imiphumela abahlukanisayo kunathi ukuthi ingatholakala nge esiku owodwa esigabeni ngokukhululekile iwe isihlukanisi triboelectrostatic. I triboelectric ibhande isihlukanisi ubuchwepheshe isetshenzisiwe ukwehlukanisa anhlobonhlobo izinto kuhlanganise Izingxube lwengilazi aluminosilicates / carbon, calcite / asebenza ngebhethri, talc / Magnesite, futhi barite / asebenza ngebhethri. Kuvele ukuqhathanisa zokonga uma kusetshenziswa triboelectrostatic ibhande ngokwahlukana kuqhathaniswa flotation ezivamile ngoba barite / ngokuhlukana asebenza ngebhethri sibonisa izinzuzo ukucutshungulwa eyomile amaminerali.

Amagama angukhiye: amaminerali, ngokuhlukana ezomile, barite, ukushaja triboelectrostatic, ibhande isihlukanisi, fly umlotha

ISINGENISO

Ukuswelakala kokusebenza ngokuhlanganyela ukufinyelela amanzi ahlanzekile isiba zinomthelela omkhulu zibheke amaphrojekthi yezimayini emhlabeni wonke. Ngokusho Hubert Fleming, nowayengumqondisi global Dweba Amanzi, "Kuzo zonke amaphrojekthi yezimayini emhlabeni ziye wayeka noma behlisa ijubane onyakeni owedlule, sekuyi, cishe 100% amacala, ngenxa amanzi, ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile "Blin (2013). Dry nekuhanjiswa izindlela ukunikeza ikhambi lale nkinga isondela.

izindlela Wet ngokwahlukana ezifana froth flotation zidinga ukwengeza reagents ikhemikhali kumele iphathwe ngokuphepha bese kulahlwa konke eyayakhiwe ngendlela nendawo. Wavele kwacaca nje akunakwenzeka ukuba isebenze nge 100% amanzi bavuselele, ezidinga nokulahla okungenani ka ingxenye amanzi inqubo, Cishe equkethe trace izamba reagents chemical.

izindlela Dry ezifana ngokwahlukana electrostatic uyoqeda isidingo amanzi ahlanzekile, futhi anikeza ithuba ukunciphisa izindleko. Omunye ethembisayo ezintsha abahlukanisayo amaminerali ezomile iyona isihlukanisi triboelectrostatic ibhande. Le ubuchwepheshe enwetshiwe ubukhulu kuyizinhlayiyana ububanzi zikanokusho izinhlayiya kuka ezivamile electrostatic ngokwahlukana ubuchwepheshe, ku uhla lapho flotation kuphela uye waphumelela esikhathini esidlule.

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Figure 2. Umniningwane ngokuhlukana zone

Inqubo esomile ngokuphelele, aludingi izinto ezengeziwe futhi ukhiqiza akukho amanzi angcolile noma umoya kwekhabhoni. Endabeni carbon kusukela impukane umlotha abahlukanisayo, izinto walulama aqukethe impukane umlotha kwehliswa carbon okuqukethwe emazingeni ezifanele ukusetshenziswa njengendlela admixture pozzolanic ukhonkolo, kanye ingxenyenamba carbon okusezingeni eliphezulu okungase washiswa ugesi Generating isitshalo. Ukusetshenziswa kokubili ukusakaza umkhiqizo ihlinzeka 100% isixazululo ukundiza izinkinga umlotha.

I triboelectrostatic ibhande isihlukanisi kuqhathaniswa compact. Umshini yakhelwe ukucubungula 40 amathani ngehora cishe 9.1 amamitha (30 ft) eside, 1.7 amamitha (5.5 ft.) ububanzi futhi 3.2 amamitha (10.5 ft.) okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ibhalansi edingekayo zezitshalo siqukethe izinhlelo ukuwudlulisela material elomile ukuba nokusuka isihlukanisi. I compactness kohlelo ivumela eguquguqukayo ukufakwa imiklamo.

Figure 3. Commercial triboelectrostatic ibhande isihlukanisi

Ukuqhathanisa nezinye electrostatic ngokwahlukana izinqubo

I triboelectrostatic ibhande ngokwahlukana ubuchwepheshe yandisa kakhulu uhla izinto kungenziwa beneficiated ngezinqubo electrostatic. Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu izinqubo electrostatic ancike umehluko ku conductivity kagesi zezinto uhlukaniswe. Kulezi izinqubo, okokusebenza kufanele uthintane isigubhu lusekelwe noma ipuleti ngokuvamile ngemva izinhlayiya ezibonakalayo omubi icala i ionizing corona osenyameni. izinto conductive uzolahlekelwa ababaphathisiwe ngokushesha futhi uphonswe kusukela isigubhu. Indaba-non-conductive uyaqhubeka ukuba ukhangwe sigubhu kusukela

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icala kuyophela kancane futhi kuyokwehlela noma ukunganakwa kusukela sigubhu emva ngokuhlukana kusukela impahla kokuqhuba. Lezi zinqubo kulinganiselwe umthamo ngenxa contact edingekayo zonke kuyizinhlayiyana kuya tigubhu nobe ipuleti. Bheka ukuphumelela kwalezi contact ukushaja izinqubo nazo kungagcini zesandulela mayelana 100 μm noma ngaphezulu ngobukhulu ngenxa kokubili isidingo uxhumane ipuleti nisekeliwe edingekayo kuyizinhlayiyana ukugeleza Dynamics. Izinhlayiyana letingemasayizi lahlukene uyophinde ube ezahlukene ukugeleza Dynamics ngenxa imiphumela inertial futhi ngeke ekuhlaleni ngokwahlukana okonakele. Lo mdwebo olandelayo (Figure 4) utjengisa ukukhambelana izici eziyinhloko lolu hlobo isihlukanisi.

Figure 4. Drum isihlukanisi electrostatic "Omdala (2003)"

abahlukanisayo Triboelectrostatic ayigcini ukwehlukana conductive / izinto ezingekho conductive kodwa incike lomkhuba eyaziwa kahle ukudluliswa icala ngokuthintana kokukhuhlana materials nge ezihluke ebusweni yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa iye yasetshenziswa "ukuwa" ngokwahlukana izinqubo amashumi eminyaka. inqubo enjalo kuboniswa Figure 5. Izingxenye ingxube izinhlayiya kuqala ukuthuthukisa amacala ehlukene ngokuthintana noma ngenhloso ngaphandle kwensimbi, noma kuyizinhlayiyana ukuze kuyizinhlayiyana contact endaweni fluidized kudivayisi embhedeni yokudla. Njengoba izinhlayiya iwe enkundleni kagesi ezonini electrode, trajectory kuyizinhlayiyana ngalinye baphambukile bubheke electrode kwenkokhiso okuphambene. Ngemva ibanga elithile, iqoqo imigqomo baqashwe ukuhlukanisa ukusakaza. ukufaka ejwayelekile zidinga isihlukanisi izigaba eziningi bavuselele we ingxenyenamba middling. Amanye amadivayisi zisebenzisa nohide igesi ukusiza Ukudlulisa izinhlayiya ngokusebenzisa zone electrode.

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Figure 5. "Ukuwa Mahhala" triboelectrostatic isihlukanisi

Lolu hlobo khulula ukuwa isihlukanisi Ubuye zihibe ubukhulu kuyizinhlayiyana leyo nto zingahlungwa. Ukugeleza ngaphakathi zone electrode kumele alawulwe ukunciphisa omawala ukugwema "smearing" lokwehlukaniswa. I trajectory izinhlayiya emihle kakhulu okwenzeka omawala kusukela sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza hudula amabutho izinhlayiya emihle emikhulu kakhulu ukwedlula amandla adonsela phansi futhi electrostatic. I izinhlayiya emihle kakhulu uyophinde bavame ukuqoqa Laphezu electrode futhi kumelwe kususwe abanye indlela. Izinhlayiyana engaphansi kuka 75 μm ayikwazi ngempumelelo ahlukaniswe.

Enye komkhawulo ukuthi ukulayisha kuyizinhlayiyana ngaphakathi zone electrode kumele kube ongaphakeme ukuvimbela isikhala icala imiphumela, okuyinto kukhawulwe ukucutshungulwa izinga. Ukudlulisa impahla ngokusebenzisa zone electrode abazalwa kuphumela ngokwahlukana owodwa esigabeni, kusukela akukho kungenzeka ngoba kushajwe izinhlayiya. Ngakho-ke, multi-esiteji izinhlelo ziyadingeka ekuthuthukiseni izinga ngokuhlukana kuhlanganise kushajwe we indaba ngokuthintana okwalandela nedivaysi ukushaja. I kwaphumela imishini ivolumu nokuba yinkimbinkimbi inyuka ngokufanele.

Ngokungafani nezinye etholakalayo electrostatic ngokwahlukana izinqubo, the triboelectrostatic ibhande isihlukanisi Lifanele for ukwehlukana esihle kakhulu (<1 μm) ukuze ngokulinganisela indawo (300μm) izinto nge throughputs eliphezulu kakhulu. I triboelectric kuyizinhlayiyana ukushaja siyasebenza ngoba anhlobonhlobo izinto futhi kudinga kuyizinhlayiyana kuphela - kuyizinhlayiyana contact. Igebe encane, okusezingeni eliphezulu emkhakheni kagesi, bali ukugeleza zamanje, eyingqabavu kuyizinhlayiyana-kuyizinhlayiyana ukuyaluza nokuzihlonipha, ngokuba nezingxabano yokuhlanza isenzo ibhande phezu electrode izici abagxeka isihlukanisi. Ukusebenza kahle okusezingeni eliphezulu ngokwahlukana multi-esiteji ngokusebenzisa ukushaja / lingatshajwa futhi yangaphakathi Imiphumela bavuselele e abahlukanisayo kunathi futhi ngempumelelo ezintweni ezinhle ngeke zihlukaniswe nhlobo nge amasu ezivamile.

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ISICELO OF TRIBOELECTROSTATIC ibhande NGOKUHLUKANA

fly Ash

I triboelectrostatic ibhande ngokwahlukana ubuchwepheshe lasetshenziswa kuqala ngokuphakeme ezimbonini ngokucubungula amalahle omlilo impukane umlotha e 1995. Ukuze fly umlotha isicelo, ubuchwepheshe kade ulokhu usebenza e uhlukanisa carbon izinhlayiya ezivela amandla omlilo akuphelele amalahle, kusukela lwengilazi izinhlayiya aluminosilicate amaminerali in the fly umlotha. Ubuchwepheshe liye lasiza kokunika amandla bavuselele we flyash amaminerali-ocebile indawo usimende ekukhiqizeni ukhonkolo. Kusukela 1995, 19 triboelectrostatic ibhande separators abesebenza e-USA, Canada, UK, futhi Poland, ekucubunguleni phezu 1,000,000 amathani impukane umlotha ngonyaka. Ubuchwepheshe manje e-Asia ne isihlukanisi kuqala ukufakwa e-South Korea kulo nyaka. Umlando yezimboni impukane umlotha ngokwahlukana ohlwini ku Table 1.

Ithebula 3. izibonelo, abahlukanisayo amaminerali usebenzisa triboelectrostatic ibhande ngokuhlukana

Ukusebenzisa triboelectrostatic ibhande isihlukanisi iye kwabonisa beneficiate ngempumelelo Izingxube eziningi amaminerali. Kusukela isihlukanisi bakwazi ukucubungula izinto ngento osayizi kusukela mayelana 300 μm ukuba ngaphansi kuka 1 μm, okulandelwa ukwehlukana triboelectrostatic siyasebenza kokubili ekuvikeleni kanye izinto conductive, ubuchwepheshe kwelula kakhulu uhla impahla esebenzayo phezu ezivamile separators electrostatic. Njengoba inqubo triboelectrostatic esomile ngokuphelele, ukusetshenziswa ke kungabi nesidingo omiswe impahla kanye nama-liquid imfucuza handling kusukela flotation izinqubo.

IZINDLELA OF TRIBOELECTROSTATIC ibhande NGOKUHLUKANA

Ukuqhathanisa ukuze Ezivamile flotation ngoba Barite

Ucwaningo izindleko ngokuqhathanisa eyalwa STET futhi olwenziwa Soutex Inc. Soutex kuyinto Quebec Canada yenkampani ubunjiniyela anolwazi kokubili flotation elina electrostatic inqubo ngokuhlukana kokuhlaziywa kanye nomklamo. Lolu cwaningo kuqhathaniswa dolobha yokusebenza yezindleko triboelectrostatic ibhande ngokwahlukana inqubo ezivamile froth flotation kokuzuza ephansi-grade barite ore. Bobabili ubuchwepheshe ithuthukise barite ukususwa kwama ongaphakeme ukuminyana ukudla okuqinile, ikakhulukazi asebenza ngebhethri, ukukhiqiza i-American Petroleum Institute (I-API) imishini grade barite ne SG mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 4.2 g / ml. Flotation Imiphumela zazisekelwe izifundo umshayeli isitshalo olwenziwa Indian National Mettalurgical Laboratory "NML (2004)". ibhande Triboelectrostatic ngokwahlukana Imiphumela zazisekelwe umshayeli isitshalo izifundo usebenzisa efanayo okuphakelayo imikhando. Lolu cwaningo zomnotho ngokuqhathanisa kuhlanganisiwe ukuthuthukiswa flowsheet, impahla kanye namandla ezilinganisweni, ezinkulu imishini Sizing kanye nekhotheshini kokubili flotation futhi triboelectrostatic ibhande ngokwahlukana izinqubo. Isisekelo kokubili flowsheets kuyafana, ukucutshungulwa 200,000 t / y ka barite okuphakelayo SG 3.78 ukukhiqiza 148,000 t / y of imishini grade barite umkhiqizo ne SG 4.21 g / ml. Inqubo flotation ukulinganisela ayibanga izindleko inqubo amanzi, noma ukwelashwa amanzi.

Flowsheets abangu eyenziwe Soutex ngokuba barite flotation inqubo (Figure 6), nebhande triboelectrostatic inqubo ngokuhlukana (Figure 7).

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Figure 6 Barite flotation inqubo flowsheet

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Figure 7 Barite ibhande triboelectrostatic inqubo ngokuhlukana flowsheet

Iziphakamiso flowsheets ungafaki uhlelo ore engahluziwe kwasani, okuyinto evamile kubo bobabili ubuchwepheshe. Okuphakelayo ukugaya ukuze icala flotation ufezwa usebenzisa ezimanzi uginindela ibhola isigayo ne isishingishane somhleli. Okuphakelayo ukugaya ukuze triboelectrostatic ibhande ngokwahlukana icala ufezwa usebenzisa ezomile, mpo roller isigayo ne somhleli ashukumisayo ebalulekile.

I triboelectrostatic ibhande ngokwahlukana flowsheet silula kunaleso flotation. Triboelectostatic ibhande ngokuhlukana ibangelwa in a sigaba esisodwa ngaphandle kwalokho kwanoma iyiphi reagents chemical, kuqhathaniswa flotation ezintathu isigaba nge oleic acid esetshenziswa njengoba ngalendoda ngoba barite kanye sodium silicate njengoba nokudangala ngokuba gangue Silica. A flocculant nayo njengomphathi reagent for ukuqina esimweni barite flotation. Ayikho Ukususwa nokwesula imishini kuyadingeka ukuze triboelectrostatic ibhande ngokuhlukana, kuqhathaniswa thickeners, isihlungi ukucindezela, kanye dryers rotary oludingekayo ukuze barite flotation inqubo.

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